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Mindful Parenting Motherhood

How To Travel With Kids And (Mostly) Enjoy It

Let’s be honest. Anyone who calls traveling with kids a “vacation” is delusional. That is called a “trip”—especially when the children are really little. No more lounging for hours with a cocktail by the pool and napping as the sun sets. No more gallivanting around a city, wandering aimlessly through museums, and popping in for a quick cocktail at 4 p.m.
But! Traveling with kids can also be loads of fun. It’s important to have time away from regular life to be together, especially if one or both parents work a lot. Setting aside these days or weeks is vital for the health of the family unit, and shows the kids—and your partner!—that they are a priority. You never know what new parts of your kids or spouse you’ll discover when you’re on a totally new adventure.

When should I travel with my kids?

We went on our first trip with our daughter when she was 6 weeks old, and it was surprisingly easy. She could sleep and eat anywhere and was no trouble to carry around. The hardest time to travel with a kid is between about 9 months and 2 years, when they don’t have their own airplane seat, can’t really watch TV, and just want to move all the time. This is not to say that travel with kids can’t be fun—just that the journey probably won’t be easy.
The best way to stay sane when you travel with small kids is to keep some semblance of a schedule. Do not throw out the nap. Do not stay out all hours of the night, expecting the kid to fall asleep on your lap at a fancy restaurant. These plans will most likely backfire. The kind of trip you have with a toddler will not resemble any other kind of vacation you’ve taken before or will again—so just embrace its limits and go small: a beach, a lake, an all-inclusive. Think of it as a particular kind of family time.
There seems to be a sweet spot starting around age 3 or 4, going up to about age 13. Older kids are a total blast to travel with—they have the energy and stamina to go, go, go. But they can also sit peacefully in a restaurant without throwing food. Some kinds of vacations are better suited to certain ages, but mostly it depends on your own family values.

Finding Childcare

There are lots of options for getting a night out on the town sans kids when you’re away—but remember, it’ll cost you.
A few recs: Some all-inclusive resorts will offer babysitting for a small additional fee, so you can factor that into the cost of your travel. Bonus: You don’t have to go out searching for a reliable sitter! They’re right there! Alternately, if you’re not doing an all-inclusive, you can look on sites like Care.com or UrbanSitter for vetted sitters (rather than a total stranger!), so you can have a little more peace of mind.
If you have very little kids, consider bringing your own sitter along: How much help will you want? What will the childcare options already there cost you? If you think you’ll need more help than one night out with your partner—if you’re going to want another set of hands—this might be the more financially sound option.
Or! My personal fave: Travel with another family. It’s a win-win: The parents have friends to hang out with, and the kids have friends to keep them busy. You can swap out date nights or share the cost of a sitter.

Where should I travel with kids?

Each family has its own particular rhythms and desires. My husband, for instance, loathes the idea of going to the beach for a week, but for others, this is a dream vaca—easy, calming, low key. He also hates going the same place two years in a row. But for a lot of families, going on the same vacation summer after summer (or winter after winter) is comfortable; you know what to expect and can plan accordingly. Sometimes the kids even make lifelong friends.
Here are some time-tested options for families:

The Beach (and/or Any Big Body of Water)

Entertainment for hours for the kids, and parents can sit in the sun,” says Rachel Graves, mom of two boys in Portland, Oregon. “This is especially great if you can get a rental ON the beach, so no packing up the car is required! It’s easy to go back for lunch and naps. Bonus if there’s also a pool!”
Joyce Bernas, who has two young girls in Montreal, agrees: “I won’t go anywhere with kids unless there is a pool or swimmable beach,” she says. “No matter what else is around you, you know you have an activity the kids will love and not get tired of day after day. It’s basically my fail-safe back-up plan. You will also likely find other families to occupy your kids.”
Some faves: Kauai, Hawaii; Wellfleet, Massachusetts; Malibu, California.

A City

This one is not for the faint of heart. But if you love restaurants, museums, walking tours, and shows, this is the best way to go. This is a trip that is more manageable with older kids (think 5 or 6 and up) and/or a singleton. “We went to Seattle last summer,” says Kim Morchower, mom of 4- and 6-year-olds in L.A. “The Airbnb was affordable and nice. There were lots of things to do with kids: lake, hiking, museums, parks. Great town, perfect family trip.” New York City is always a blast, as are European cities—think Paris, Amsterdam, Vienna—which are extremely walkable.
Some faves: New York City, Paris, Amsterdam, Austin, Seattle, Portland, Nashville.

A Cruise

Okay, to some this might sound like a nightmare, but to others it’s bliss: everything all in one place! A pool, views of water for miles, and activities galore. “We took our toddler on a cruise with extended family and loved it!” says Ginette Sze of Montreal. “It’s relatively clean and safe, and there’s so much good food available at all hours, and waves to rock you to sleep, and occasions to dress up fancy for a change. Some cruises have activities and programming for youth.”

Disneyland or Disney World (and Other Theme Parks)

I took my 5-year-old to Disney world in January, and it was amazing,” says Sze, “but it wasn’t a restful vacation by any means. It was magical but also a constant obstacle course of boutiques and crap for sale and the food was ugh. We used FastPass+ to avoid some long waits, but it requires advance planning. The thing that’s the most fun about theme parks that I always recommend is the water parks (which is not included in Disney passes, by the way). They are truly fantastic. I have so many wonderful childhood memories at water parks.”

Camping

Camping is great IF both kids are walking and there are nearby attractions like a lake or river,” says Grave. “But it’s a terrible idea with infants/non-walkers or bad sleepers.” Betsy Uhrman, a mom of two in L.A., adds: “When possible, we prefer group sites with no other sites nearby. Both for privacy and for when small children wake at random hours of the night … I feel less badly (though still feel badly) about disturbing people I know.”
Some faves: Bandido Campground in Santa Clarita, California; Sequoia National Park.

Skiing

“We’ve taken winter snow trips to Lake Tahoe two years in a row and stayed at Granlibakken Ski and Sled Area,” says Jessica Lattiff, mom of two boys. “Kids have a blast, and there’s stuff for grownups to enjoy, too. Really good breakfast included in the room rate, sled rentals and two different hills for kids, a small ski area where they can take beginner lessons, plus a heated pool, hot tub, sauna, and spa services.”
Some faves: Granlibakken Ski Resort.

The All-Inclusive

Who doesn’t want absolutely everything taken care of? No searching for food, activities, sitters—the all-inclusive, although often quite pricey, can be worth it. “Kinderhotels” in Austria are a prime example—they provide all-day childcare (including separate meals!) for guests.   
Some faves: Franklyn D. Resort in Jamaica, Kinderhotel Almhof in Austria.

Luxury

We know, we know. Not with kids! But what if you can? Tots Too offers myriad luxury family vacations all over Europe and beyond.

Choosing Accommodations

Ah, hotels: They used to be so luxurious and lovely. Breakfast in bed. Room service. Someone to make your bed in the morning…
With kids, this scenario is a little different. Usually you only have one room, so if one kid needs to sleep, where will the other kid go (and stay quiet)? Do you want to worry about waking the neighbor at 5 a.m.? And what if you need to put the kid down at 7 p.m. but want to eat, too?
But there are still perks to hotels, usually in the form of a pool and breakfast, and sometimes childcare.
When traveling with kids, Airbnb is usually a great option—but always check the reviews. The last thing you need when traveling with kids is to find yourself in a place that bears no resemblance to the pictures! What a rented apartment (or house) will give you is more flexibility, and it might end up being cheaper. You can cook meals, stock the fridge, and have more space to move about on your own schedule.
Kid & Coe offers amazing homes that are equipped with stuff for kids! You can specify your desires (pool, beach, best for kindergarteners, best for babies) and voila! Everything is already there for you!

Tips for Travel With Kids

Plan, plan, plan.

Gone are the days of booking a flight a week before and winging it. Have at least one plan/destination for each day, keeping naptime and bedtime schedules in mind.

Stay (sort of) on schedule.

This is especially true if you have a napper. Do not expect the kid to nap on cue wherever you are. If you want to avoid daily meltdowns, plan your days as you would at home, with a big activity in the morning, followed by lunch and a nap. If you have a second (or third) kid who doesn’t nap, use that time to rest or have a little one-on-one adventure.

Partner up.

Some of our best family vacations were with other families. It’s a win–win! The kids have friends to play with and so do the parents.

Make sure everyone is getting their needs met—at least a bit.

It’s unlikely that you’ll plan a vacation that is perfect for every single family member at all times, but the best way to make travel with kids work is to make sure that everyone gets to choose at least one or two parts of the trip. Don’t love museums but your husband does? Okay, so go to one, or let him go alone while you take the kids out for ice cream so he can enjoy it in peace.

Divide and conquer.

You do not need to be together all the time. Especially if you have more than one kid, consider doing activities in pairs or even letting each parent have at least one morning or afternoon to him- or herself.

Pack snacks.

A whiny, hungry child is no fun for anyone, ever.

Put away your phone.

Really, stop working.
Traveling with kids can be absolutely magical. Just remember: It’s a trip, not a vacation. It’ll be exhausting and incredible—and, let’s be honest, you’ll probably need an actual vacation soon after. So try to save a little moolah for a weekend away with your honey.
[related article_ids=1005752]

Categories
Mindful Parenting Motherhood

Tummy Time: 4 Doctors' Tips For How To Get Through—Even When Baby Hates It

There are few words more likely to make a new parent cringe than tummy time. Sit down with your stroller squad and broach the topic, and the responses will likely range from “He screams the whole time” to “Just make it stop.”
So why the heck do parents do this to their babies? And for that matter, to themselves?
The answer goes back a few decades to 1994, when the American Academy of Pediatrics launched its Back to Sleep campaign. Since re-named the Safe to Sleep campaign, the goal was to reduce SIDS in infants by recommending parents put babies to sleep on their backs rather than their sides or stomachs. The campaign worked. Since the ’90s, SIDS deaths have been cut in half, and at least three quarters of parents put their babies to bed on their backs at night.
Baby Sleeping In Blanket
But while it’s saved babies’ lives, the campaign poses two problems for new parents, says pediatrician Lisa Lewis, MD, author of Feed the Baby Hummus, Pediatrician-Backed Secrets from Cultures Around the World.
“Prolonged back positioning may cause the back of the head to flatten,” Lewis explains. Dubbed flat head syndrome or plagiocephaly, the flat spots can be complicated to correct, requiring babies to wear corrective helmets to help the head develop correctly. All that time on the back also means babies aren’t using the muscles in the arms, neck, and shoulders that they typically develop when they spend time belly-down, Lewis adds.
Baby Crawling Next To Dog
When doctors started seeing these issues pop up in their offices again and again, tummy time was born to help stave off flat-head syndrome, help babies work those muscles, and make parents everywhere wonder if all the crying is really worth it.
The short answer? Yes, tummy time is worth it. But you knew we were going to say that, didn’t you? Here’s why the experts beg moms not to throw in the towel…and how you can make tummy time easier on your baby and yourself.

How and When to Start Tummy Time

By name alone, it’s pretty obvious what tummy time entails: spending periods of time encouraging baby to lie on their tummy. But when do you start tummy time? And how long should baby spend in tummy time?
According to Lewis, parents should start tummy time at birth, if possible, and no later than 1 month of age.
“At birth, I recommend starting tummy time with skin-to-skin contact on the chest or by placing baby face down in the lap,” she suggests. “Gradually transition tummy time to a flat surface.”
Happy Baby Laying On Stomach
At first, baby can spend just a few minutes doing tummy time—literally as little as three to five minutes is all it takes, two to three times per day.
Now for the bad news: They may hate it at first, and they may even do some crying and screaming.
“Some babies do hate it because it’s exercise! It takes effort,” explains Danelle Fisher, MD, chair of pediatrics at Providence Saint John’s Health Center in Santa Monica, California. “When babies hate it, I recommend trying it three times a day for 90 seconds.”
Even there, the doctors have good news. As they spend more time on their tummies, most babies get more comfortable and start to enjoy (or at least tolerate) the part of the day they spend on their fronts. That’s in part because the “exercise” gets easier. After all, tummy time is aimed at helping a baby “develop the strength of the neck, upper chest, and upper back,” Fisher says.

Mom Laughing With Small Baby
iStock.com/Ridofranz

“This helps the baby learn to hold up his or her own head,” she explains. The more muscle strength they can develop, the more fun it will become for baby, as they learn to actually hold their head up and begin to build strength to arch their back, allowing them to look around and get a look at the scenery instead of lying stomach down, cheek on the floor.
As baby gets more into it, the length of tummy time should increase, along with the amount of time they spend on their bellies.

Tummy Time (and Place)

You know there might be tears (baby’s and yours). But you also know it’s worth it.
So how do you set yourself up for tummy time that will help baby and maybe lead to them enjoying that time on their belly?
Crying Baby Learning To Crawl
This is one part of raising baby that doesn’t require much of a cost investment. You can practice tummy time just about anywhere and with few supplies. Fisher even did tummy time with her son on his changing table. He hated the floor, but he loved his changing table, so she made it work.
“The most important thing is that tummy time needs to be fully supervised and only when the baby and parent are awake,” says pediatrician Gina Posner, MD of MemorialCare Orange Coast Medical Center in Fountain Valley, California.
Beyond that, there are few “rules” for tummy time aside from Do it! Even the “place” is fairly flexible.

Tummy Time Supplies

As they grow, laying out a thin blanket on the floor or a colorful play mat with some toys to draw their attention can help keep baby safe and encourage them to engage. Fuzzy blankets and items a baby could choke on should be moved out of the way, and Lewis advises parents to position baby so that their mouth and nose can both be seen.
“If you can see the nose and mouth, then you know he is ventilating well,” she explains.

Baby Laying On Stomach Playing With Toys
iStock.com/romrodinka

You’ll also want to grab your phone to set an alarm. Instead of clock-watching to figure out the exact moment tummy time can be over, setting an alarm lets you focus on bonding with baby, whether you’re playing with their hands and feet or encouraging them to smile with some toys.

Tantrum-Free Tummy Time (Yes, it’s possible.)

It’s common sense: If you start playing when baby’s already feeling cranky, they’re going to turn on the scream machine. Think of tummy time the same way.
“Tummy time is easier when the baby is in a content mood,” Lewis points out. “For example, if the baby is getting close to feeding time or sleepy, she might be more likely to get upset when placed on the tummy.”
It’s best to try tummy time after baby’s been fed, burped, and had their diaper changed. This helps a baby transition from feeding to play and then to sleep time, says Lynelle Schneeberg, PsyD, a psychologist and fellow with the American Academy of Sleep Medicine.
Baby Wrapped In Towel During Tummy Time
“This helps a child learn to self-soothe instead of learning a ‘feeding to settle into sleep’ pattern,” Schneeberg explains. The latter pattern often results in fragmented sleep, as a baby who becomes accustomed to falling asleep while eating will need another feeding if they wake up in the middle of the night.  But tummy time helps prevent that cycle.
That said, if a baby has just eaten, lying flat on their belly on the floor can be uncomfortable. Lewis suggest baby be inclined, instead. If they’re on your lap, for example, bring your knees up, so baby’s head is above their waist, easing digestion.

Call in the help.

If you’ve got older kids in the house, tummy time is the perfect opportunity to call them into the room. They can engage their little brother or sister: cooing, chatting, and showing off toys.
No big kids? No problem. Tummy time is also a chance for you to get down on the ground and play with baby, Lewis says.
Or, if your baby is not happy on the floor, even with you nearby, it’s A-okay to scoop them up, lie down on the ground or on your bed, and let baby hang out, belly-down on your belly.

Family Playing Together During Tummy Time
iStock.com/kate_sept2004

“Make eye contact with the little one, use the hands and voice to soothe if there’s any discontent,” she suggests. Stripping baby down to their diaper and removing your shirt so baby can lie skin-to-skin can help them feel calmer, making the experience more pleasant.
“Skin-to-skin contact is soothing for both parent and baby,” Lewis says. “[It] might be so relaxing that the baby doesn’t work too much, but it still counts as tummy time!”

The End of Tummy Time

Whether baby loves or hates tummy time, this is one stage of baby raising that’s relatively short lived.
“Once the baby is rolling both ways, they will be able to go from tummy to back and back to tummy, so at that point, no more tummy time is needed,” Posner explains.
By 6 months old, most babies have developed their muscles enough to graduate from tummy time. Ironically, at this point they’ll actually be able to roll onto their bellies themselves during playtime, essentially doing their own version of tummy time!

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Mindful Parenting Motherhood

The Baby Sleep Guide Every Mom Needs To Read

It’s the bane of every new mom’s existence: sleep. Or, more accurately, the lack thereof. A major lack thereof in some cases, for months (or even years).
Second to the pain of not sleeping? Getting 1,000 mixed messages about how to deal with your baby not sleeping. Should I let him cry it out? (Or is that too traumatic?) Should I rock her until she’s asleep? (Or is that creating a bad habit?) Should I sit in the room? Should I leave him alone to learn to self-soothe?

iStock.com/Halfpoint

When some people hear baby sleep training, they immediately think of the Cry It Out Method. But the truth is, there are as many approaches to baby sleep training as there are babies, and that amount of choice can be incredibly overwhelming, especially when you are so, well, sleep deprived. The most important thing to keep in mind? It is possible to do what’s best for your baby and for your family. Don’t let anyone make you feel bad or guilty for the choices you make.

How does sleep deprivation affect you?

Not sleeping is no joke—any new parent can tell you how utterly debilitating it is. It impacts every single part of your life. It robs you of your ability to think clearly and to remember things. It weakens your immune system and your reflexes, making you more accident prone. It increases your risk of diabetes and heart attacks and lowers your sex drive. It can also cause depression and anxiety. Lack of sleep can even contribute to the complex recipe for postpartum depression.

iStock.com/LSOphoto

In other words, everything is harder when you’re not sleeping.
But the sleep deprivation of early motherhood will end one day. Eventually, your little one will sleep through the night. Your new normal might be a 6 a.m. wake up, but that will seem like heaven after being up every hour all night long!

Why is getting baby on a sleep schedule good for mom and dad?

You still matter! That’s the short answer.
The longer answer is this: We all need time to refuel, and this is virtually impossible when there is zero time set aside for you.
“Having a baby on a schedule”—more on that below—“allows parents to have a life,” explains Kiri Gurd, PhD, MSC, sleep consultant at Baby Sleep Science, a sleep resource center that offers private consultations, educational materials, and a sleep app. “If your baby only naps in the stroller or the car, you’re not using that time to recuperate, sleep, or do an activity that feeds you.” Likewise, if you’re spending four hours a night struggling to get your baby to sleep, you have no time for adult activities—like couple’s time or going out with friends.
[pullquote align=”center”]“Taking a more systemic approach to sleep—thinking of it as one would nutrition—is helpful. You wouldn’t deny yourself food! It’s so important for the health of the family.”
—Kiri Gurd, PhD[/pullquote]
If you feel guilty, know this: “Sleep is as important to babies as food,” explains Gurd. “And more research shows that lack of sleep is an indicator for disease, anxiety, and depression in mothers.” She encourages moms to think about what exactly they’re feeling guilty about—the fact that the baby is crying? That she’s taking a shower when she should be gazing at the baby? There are lots of different stressors, she explains, including mom being depressed.

iStock.com/Suriyapong Thongsawang

She says, “Taking a more systemic approach to sleep—thinking of it as one would nutrition—is helpful. You wouldn’t deny yourself food! It’s so important for the health of the family.”
Still, Gurd understands that moms have guilt about doing anything for themselves, but argues that they do not need to justify it. “If you need a rationale, I’d say it makes you a better mom. Having free time is not a luxury; it’s a requirement.”

Learning to sleep is a skill.

“Sleep training options are generally perpetuated in a binary way,” Gurd explains. And the rhetoric around that binary often deals in great extremes: “Either you do cry it out and your baby will cry forever, or you’ll co-sleep until they’re 9.” In reality though, your options for teaching your little one to sleep are much more varied—and don’t mean crying forever or bedsharing until middle school.
Gurd and the team at Baby Sleep Science don’t espouse conforming to one method. They lead by what is developmentally fair for the child, based on the science of sleep. “Sleep is so particular to each family,” she explains. “If you don’t feel comfortable with the method you’re using, you won’t be consistent, so it won’t work.”

iStock.com/globalmoments

She explains that some discomfort—as well as mom guilt—is often alleviated if families understand the science of sleep and the baby’s brain development, but the bottom line is this: We can teach kids to sleep, and we should.
Here’s why: We help our kids learn a number of skills in their lives—to eat, sit, stand, walk, read, write. “When they learn to ride a bike, we don’t just give them a bike and say, ‘Good luck!’” Gurd says. “Or, conversely, if they fall off the first time they try, we don’t say, ‘You clearly can’t do this.’”
“Learning to sleep is like learning any new skill,” she explains. “It’s both psychological and physiological. To learn to [linkbuilder id=”6639″ text=”fall asleep”] on our own requires that the body learns a series of steps that move us into a more relaxed state.” That’s the physiological piece. Psychologically, a baby needs to understand, for example, that she’s safe in her crib.
[pullquote align=”center”]“You’re teaching them a healthy habit. They are sad and confused and you’re going to help them through it, like you will with a million things in their life.
—Kiri Gurd, PhD[/pullquote]
And yes, oftentimes there’s resistance to sleep training, which usually means the baby cries. Sometimes a little, sometimes a lot. “Our discomfort is with the emotions,” Gurd says. “But if you’re doing a method you believe in, that’s biologically sound at an appropriate age, you’re teaching them a healthy habit. They are sad and confused and you’re going to help them through it, like you will with a million things in their life.”
Jane Rosen, PsyD, MA, PhD, and director of a preschool in Los Angeles, concurs. “When parents start to sleep train, it’s often the first time they’re setting a limit, which is hard,” she says. “It’s the beginning of parenting in a much different way.”

How do I know my baby is ready to sleep train?

“The first thing to guide sleep training is the developmental age of child,” Gurd explains. “We can’t do it at 4 or 5 weeks—the child doesn’t have the neurological capacity.” Generally speaking, babies experience a cognitive surge around 4 months, Rosen says. Most parents experience this as the dreaded four-month sleep regression, when all hell breaks loose and whatever schedule you’ve established falls apart.

iStock.com/NataliaDeriabina

Many sleep consultants begin sleep training at this point because babies are developmentally capable of self-soothing—and they are finally sleeping in sleep cycles. The American Academy of Pediatrics’ Healthy Children website notes that babies do not have regular sleep cycles until they’re about 6 months old, so some professionals recommend waiting a bit longer to start working on some form of sleep training.
In other words, when your baby starts waking up during what had formerly been a long stretch of sleep at night—whether it was 4 or 8 hours—it’s time to start teaching him to sleep.

But I’m scared to sleep train! What if she doesn’t stop crying?

It’s normal to feel nervous about sleep training. It is almost impossible to expect your child not to cry when you suddenly start, say, putting her down at 7 p.m. and leaving the room rather than rocking her for hours upon hours.
[pullquote align=”center”]“The baby had you sleep trained, and now you’re changing it up. That’s not harmful.
—Jane Rosen, PsyD, PhD[/pullquote]
That said, “every change is accompanied by crying,” Rosen says. “The baby is fussing and saying, ‘I don’t like this.’ The baby had you sleep trained, and now you’re changing it up. That’s not harmful.”
Given that there will be crying or screaming for a few consecutive nights, “you need to be at point where this is worth it,” Gurd says. “If you’re so tired already, it makes the process harder because you’re already feeling really messed up.”

iStock.com/Halfpoint

She suggests starting sleep training before you’re completely out of your mind with sleeplessness. “Once you see that stretch of sleep go awry at 4 months, that’s a good point to start [laying the foundation].” At 6 months old, a baby can be trained to sleep through the night (but not so at 4 months when they’re still not developmentally ready).

How much should my baby be sleeping?

According to experts at Baby Sleep Science, the following amounts of sleep are developmentally appropriate for baby:

Newborn to 4 months

A newborn doesn’t have a schedule yet, so your main goal is to just surrender to her “schedule.” Let her eat, sleep, and play on demand. The key thing is to not let the baby get overtired or keep her up too long.
Naps: 4 to 5 naps, on demand
Total Sleep: 15 to 16 hours within a 24-hour period (unfortunately not all at once!)

4 to 6 months

A schedule is revealing itself! Hooray! Baby shouldn’t be up for longer than 2 to 2½ hours between naps. During this time, you should try to have the baby sleep in the same place for naps and bedtime, says Rosen. No more moving the baby around wherever you go.
Naps: 3 naps, with the third being the shortest
Total Day Sleep: 3 to 4½ hours
Total Night Sleep: 10 to 12 hours

6 to 9 months

Baby’s schedule should be becoming more set in stone. During this phase, baby usually drops one nap, moving from 3 to 2 naps a day.
Naps: 2 naps
Total Day Sleep: 3 to 4 hours
Total Night Sleep: 10½ to 12 hours

9 to 15 months

Most babies sleep through the night at this point. They usually drop one of their two naps around 12 months, taking just one nap a day through toddlerhood.
Naps:1 nap
Total Day Sleep: 3+ hours up to 12 months,  then down to 2 to 2½ hours after their first birthday
Total Night Sleep: 10½ to 12 hours

Tips for Getting Your Baby to Sleep

Create sleep cues.

Five of them, to be exact, according to Gurd. Sleep cues are actions that are repeated every night, exactly the same way. They become cues that teaching your baby she’s about to go to sleep. These happen after bath time and pajamas. An example would be:

  1. Dim the lights in the bedroom.
  2. Put the baby in a sleep sack.
  3. Read a book.
  4. Sing a song.
  5. Put the sound machine on.

iStock.com/DNF-Style

Note that these should only take 15 minutes in total—any longer than this and the baby won’t associate them with sleep. This applies for slightly older kids, too, but again, keep it short because a 2-year-old will just assume you’re onto another fun activity and not register that these actions are connected to sleep if they take too long.

Don’t vary bedtime—or wake time.

Performing the same rituals is important, but so is sticking to the clock. “Keep bedtime and wake time within a 30-minute window,” says Gurd. Obviously things will come up, but just like adults, babies sleep better when they do it around the same time every night.
Rosen recommends that kids up to age 5 go to sleep as close to 7 p.m. as possible. Once you start pushing the cortisol levels by keeping them up later, all hell breaks loose. In other words, your fantasy that keeping your baby up late will make her sleep in? That’ll backfire.

iStock.com/a_crotty

That said, Gurd and the folks at Baby Sleep Science believe that while being overtired (as well as under-tired!) can make it more difficult for a child to fall asleep and stay asleep during the first part of the night, as long as their schedule is age appropriate, there is no “right” bed time—early or late. Bed times, they say, can vary from family to family—just not night to night!—depending on what works best for baby’s family and their lives. As Gurd says, “I have a family putting their 1-year-old to bed at 10 p.m. and waking at 9 a.m., and that’s totally healthy.”

Be realistic about your expectations.

Understanding how much a baby should sleep at any given phase of development will go a long way toward setting realistic expectations. A lot of baby sleep sites will tell you that sleep begets sleep.
[pullquote align=”center”]“Sleep begets sleep up until the limit of your sleep.
—Kiri Gurd, PhD[/pullquote]
This is true on some level, “but there’s only a certain amount of sleep any person can do in a 24-hour period!” says Gurd. “Sleep begets sleep up until the limit of your sleep.”
When you’re looking at averages—i.e., a 12- to 18-month-old will sleep between two and three hours during the day—consider that this is a big spread in terms of age and hours of sleep. So within this six-month age range, the 12-month-old will nap longer and more often than the 18-month-old.

Create the right sleep environment.

Babies are a lot like us: They need a peaceful environment in which to rest. In fact, research shows that we all sleep best in a room that is dark, cool, and quiet. This means a few things:

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  • Don’t overdress the baby. If she’s too hot, she won’t sleep well. (It’s also associated with SIDS.) Make sure she’s sufficiently covered, but know that a cool nose or fingers are fine. If baby seems flushed or is sweating, she’s overdressed.
  • Make the room dark. Really. This is what blackout curtains are for! You can use small nightlights, but keep them far from the child and opt for orange hues.
  • Shhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh. Yes, it would be ideal if your little one could sleep anywhere, but after about 4 months old, this is not ideal. You want your child to rest in a peaceful, calm room and learn that sleep is a sacred act that happens in one place. If the room isn’t quiet (city dwellers will probably hear noise from the street), consider using a noise machine with a constant sound (rainfall or waves), and keep it on all night, not just for the time when baby is drifting off to sleep. This will help him go back to sleep if he’s suddenly woken. Remember, too, that from 4 months on, babies have a tremendous fear of missing out. They used to cry because they were wet or hungry—now they cry because they want company and fear not being invited to the party. FOMO: It starts early.

Be consistent.

Babies, like adults, thrive on consistency. Once you establish a sleep routine, stick with it. Babies will be confused if they’re being rocked to sleep one night and left to cry it out the next. Older children will try to slip through whatever loophole you leave. (“But Mommy! You rubbed my back last night! I can’t fall asleep without it now!”)

Use a transitional object.

A blankie (for an older baby), a bear, whatever—preferably something that smells like mommy or daddy—should be incorporated into baby’s nighttime routine. It helps them not feel quite so alone and helps them associate an object with restful slumber.

And most importantly, follow this piece of advice.

“If I could give one gift to a new mom, it would be this: Don’t worry about bad habits,” says Gurd.
[pullquote align=”center”]“Keep your baby safe, help him sleep. Just enjoy your baby.
—Kiri Gurd, PhD[/pullquote]

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“Keep your baby safe, help him sleep. Just enjoy your baby. I wish them less anxiety about it all.” She adds that this culture of shaming moms for creating “bad habits” is detrimental to mothers.
“Newborn babies want to be held to sleep—and that’s not the end of world!”

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Mindful Parenting Motherhood

What To Do When Cluster Feeding Feels Like It Will Never End

Cluster feeding is one of those baby stages that can feel like it will never end: Baby cries. You get up and feed them. You lie down. Baby cries. You get up and feed them. You lie down. Baby cries. You can see where this is going.
Most breastfed babies will go through a period when they seem to want to do nothing more than eat, eat, eat, and then eat some more. Called cluster feeding by doctors, these periods can feel like your baby is turning you (and your breasts) into a human pacifier as nothing—and we mean nothing—but a mouth full of breast will quiet their screams.
So what’s going on with your fussy baby? Will a cluster feeding newborn continue to be a cluster feeding infant and later turn into a cluster feeding toddler? Is there a way to stop this insanity?
We asked the experts to help make sense of why your baby has turned hangry and what to do about it.

What is cluster feeding, anyway?

First, a little good news: Cluster feeding is normal in babies.
Pause for sigh of relief.
Okay, now let’s dig in.
Babies go through phases where their eating patterns change, but just because they’re eating more does not mean they’re cluster feeding. To be considered true cluster feeding, a baby needs to be demanding to eat almost constantly in a very short amount of time.
Exact numbers will vary from baby to baby, but if your baby’s demanded to eat two to four times in a row over a three-hour span, it’s safe to say you’ve got a bout of cluster feeding on your hands, says Leigh Anne O’Connor, an international board-certified lactation consultant based in New York City. You might want to grab some water and load a few good binge-worthy shows into your Netflix queue.
This could go on for a while…literally.
It’s normal for cluster feeding to last anywhere from two to five days, O’Connor says, although you should get some breaks along the way. Just as the name implies, cluster feeds tend to happen in clusters, meaning baby will eat, eat, eat for a chunk of time and then lay off. It may even be limited to one portion of the day.
“When breastfeeding is going well and the baby is growing, it is normal for babies to cluster feed in the evening,” O’Connor says. There are a few reasons for this phenomenon.
“As the day goes on, the volume of milk is less than in the early part of the day,” O’Connor explains. Because the first milk a baby drinks early in the day is watery, it’s good for hydration. But if baby doesn’t eat a lot, that first milk, called foremilk, stays in the breast and builds up. Each time baby goes to have a meal, if they stick to short and sweet eating times, they’ll continue to get that more watery foremilk.
If a baby cluster feeds, on the other hand, they quickly work their way through the foremilk, O’Connor says, and get to a mother’s hindmilk, which is fattier and helps baby grow.
“Also, in the evening the milk has more melatonin,” O’Connor adds, “so after a cluster feeding in the evening, the baby has a belly full of fatty milk with a natural sleep aid!”
With the changes in breast milk throughout the day, it’s no wonder doctors say cluster feeding is more prevalent in breastfed babies than those who are formula fed. As Cathy M. Coleman, MD, an associate professor of pediatrics in the department of pediatrics at Stony Brook Children’s Hospital on New York’s Long Island puts it, “Formula-fed babies may have appetite changes at various times, but formula is not human milk and takes longer to digest, so feeds are typically spread farther apart in a formula-fed infant.”

Is cluster feeding a problem?

Having a baby who won’t let you put them down for five seconds can be frustrating and even a little alarming, but it’s important to remember that cluster feeding is a normal part of development for newborns. And despite what you might have read in some parenting Facebook group, it isn’t “spoiling” your baby to respond to their cries for food and feed them on demand. Cluster feeding babies really do need to eat.
What’s more, that time you spend meeting your little one’s demands not only helps them grow, but can also help a breastfeeding mom’s body adapt to meet the demands of feeding a growing baby.
How?
Deedee Franke, a registered nurse and international board certified lactation consultant based at Mercy Medical Center in Baltimore, Maryland, says cluster feeding is “a way babies in the early months help mom build a milk supply or how a baby makes up feedings missed after a long stretch of not eating”—particularly after they may have been sleeping for a longer period.
Because a mom’s milk production system is built to respond to a baby’s demands, cluster feeding is one of the ways baby is programmed to trigger mom to make more milk, which they will need as their bodies get bigger and thus require more food.
“If a baby is nursing more and removing more milk, then the mother produces more,” Franke explains.
You’ve heard that babies (and older kids) go through growth spurts?
Cluster feeds are part of helping baby and mom adjust for those growth spurts, Franke explains, which is why they tend to occur several times in the first three months of life.
Cluster feeding can first crop up in the first week after a baby is born, as mom’s milk is coming in and nature does its part to help establish good milk production. From there babies will typically cluster feed around the two or three week mark, then again at around six weeks, and once more at around three months old, Franke says. As they grow and eventually begin eating solid foods in addition to (and eventually instead of) mom’s milk, the need for cluster feeding wanes, and you’re less likely to experience it with older kids.

Muddling Through

Cluster feeding can be exhausting, especially for parents who have to work or take care of older children in addition to feeding a fussy baby at night. So the answer to “How to stop cluster feeding?” may be disappointing.
You don’t.
But before you let the tears flow, there’s some good news to consider.
Forty percent of moms told University of California, Davis, and the Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center researchers that they don’t feel like they produce enough breast milk, and some even turn to a breast pump to stimulate their milk ducts between feedings. But cluster feeding is nature’s way of helping your body keep up. As Franke puts it, “Baby is the best pump,” not to mention baby at the breast is often preferred to the mechanics of a pump, if only because it’s much more pleasant to bond with baby than operate a machine.
What’s more, if you know a baby is cluster feeding, you’re armed with information. Use it. Now is the time to tell others in your household that you really need them to pick up the slack or to call in those favors from friends and family members who offered to lend a hand at your baby shower. They made the offer; don’t leave it hanging.
Coleman says it’s also a good excuse for a mom to take to her bed where she can rest and do nothing but feed herself and baby.
“The milk supply will respond to the demand, resulting in decreased feeding frequency,” Coleman says.
If your nipples are chapped or you’re feeling pain in your arms or back from all that nursing, check with your insurance company to see if a lactation consultant can help you check your latch and find a more comfortable position.
“Some moms need to go back to Latch 101 during a cluster period, as this will help with nipple comfort,” O’Connor says. In other words, go back to the basics of latching baby on your breast, or ask for help making that latch.
“It is easy to get relaxed about positioning baby at breast, but as babies grow they can become acrobats and pull on the nipples,” she notes. “Grounding the baby and making sure the baby is super close should remedy discomfort.”
If your nipples are sore, a balm like coconut oil or other nipple cream designed for breastfeeding moms can help. As for back, arms, and neck pain, changing up your positions might help. For example, a side-lying pose can allow you to rest while baby has access to your breasts.

When to Call Your Pediatrician

Although cluster feeding is a normal part of baby’s development, that doesn’t mean it isn’t alarming or confusing, especially for first-time breastfeeding moms who haven’t been through it before.
Struggling to know if you’re breastfeeding “correctly” or should even keep doing it? Know that you’re not alone. According to the UC Davis and Cincinnati Children’s Hospital researchers, 52 percent of moms worry that their baby is not feeding well at the breast, leading researchers to conclude that moms need more support in their breastfeeding journeys.
If a baby is “nursing constantly for a few hours, they will get both fore and hind milk, therefore they should be getting all the nutrients” they need during cluster feeding, Coleman says. But if a mom truly does not have enough milk, then baby may need to be supplemented with formula to allow for adequate caloric intake. “This would be based on the baby’s weight and urine and stool output, and should be decided with the pediatrician,” Coleman says.
That doesn’t necessarily mean a mom who wants to continue nursing has to give up, she says. Supplementation with one or two bottles of formula a day for a few days can help baby improve weight gain and give mom a little rest, and baby can be weaned back off formula once things calm down.
It’s important to always trust your mom gut, and it never hurts to ask a medical expert for some help. If your baby is struggling to maintain their latch, if they’re falling asleep quickly at the breast, or if they’re gaining weight slowly, it’s especially important to make that call to the pediatrician.
“Sometimes a baby will frequently feed because the baby is not feeding well or transferring milk well from the breasts,” Coleman explains. “If a mother is not sure about how the baby is feeding, it is a good idea to have the baby’s weight checked and speak to a lactation consultant or your baby’s healthcare provider about the baby’s feeding pattern to make sure breastfeeding is going well.”
A baby may also be fussing and using a mother’s breast for soothing rather than sustenance, so it’s important to keep tabs on other markers of health to determine if baby is hungry or just not feeling well.
“If a breastfed baby is at least a week old, and not urinating at least six to eight times in 24 hours or stooling at least three to four times in 24 hours, the pediatrician should be called,” Coleman says, adding that “if a baby is very fussy for a prolonged period of time, parents should take the baby’s temperature, and the pediatrician should be called.”

When it’s over, it’s over.

Although true cluster feeding can last for several days, and it can come back, once you hit the three-month mark, things tend to improve. Not only is your milk production in full swing, but in a few months, baby can generally start to eat other things in addition to breast milk, taking some of the pressure off your body and allowing you the fun of sharing your favorite eats with your little one.
It’s important to remind yourself that not only is cluster feeding normal, but there’s a light at the end of the tunnel.
As Coleman (who isn’t just a pediatrician, but a mom too) says, “It is hard, but if you focus just on the nursing for a couple days, usually things improve.”
[related article_ids=22015,1001371]

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Mindful Parenting Motherhood

Wonder Weeks Are The Key To Calming Your Fussy Baby

When my son was around 4 months old, I was pretty sure that my normally smiley, sweet, angel baby had suddenly been swapped with a miserable little creature who cried all the time and simply would not sleep. Like, at all. It. Was. Brutal.
And just as suddenly as he’d started acting like a sleep-deprived monster, my child’s sunny disposition returned. After some research, I discovered my baby was probably experiencing what’s commonly known (and feared by parents everywhere) as the four-month sleep regression.

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While researching my kid’s behavior during a precious moment of peace, I stumbled across the phrase “wonder weeks” several times, and it seemed to completely describe what we were going through with the sleep regression. Interestingly, it also explained other fussy behavior during what they say are milestone months of a child’s development.
If your little one is experiencing sleep regression, separation anxiety, or simply can’t be soothed, the key to calming them may be understanding wonder weeks.
I spoke to Xaviera Plas, CEO and co-author of The Wonder Weeks, about everything you need to know about wonder weeks (and how you can use that information to plan ahead for big developmental changes).

What the heck is a wonder week?

“Wonder weeks are developmental leaps,” Plas explains. “Until not so long ago, we thought babies developed gradually. Now, we know that development occurs in leaps. It takes a brain change to enable a baby to learn and do new things.”
Plas’ parents, Dutch-born researchers Frans Plooij and Hetty van de Rijt, discovered that several primate species showed regression periods when the baby primates clung more closely to their mothers.

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Their initial findings led them to wonder (pun intended) if human babies would behave similarly during periods of developmental growth.
Plooij and van de Rijt’s theories were correct, and they turned their research into a groundbreaking book. In 1992, they published the first version of The Wonder Weeks in Dutch. The book is now a tool for parents with fussy babies everywhere.
Their research has been backed up by studies out of Britain, Spain, and the Netherlands. In a study of Catalonian infants, researchers at the University of Girona in Spain corroborated Plooij and van de Rijt’s theory that infant development occurs in leaps. According to the study, “There is evidence of major reorganizations in psychological development. These reorganizations appear to be marked by discontinuities, that is, sudden spurts or changes in the behavior patterns [of infants].”
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Thanks to her parents’ research, Plas says, “We now know exactly when a baby will make a developmental leap, a wonder week. The Wonder Weeks informs parents about these leaps (10 leaps in the first 20 months), when they are, what the brain change is all about, what a parent can expect after their baby took the leap, and most important, how parents can help their baby to make the most out of each leap.”

But wonder weeks aren’t exactly wonderful.

They do, however, indicate major milestones in your child’s development and growth.
Plas tells HealthyWay that identifying a wonder week is easy: Just look for the three Cs:
Clinging, Crying, Cranky.
Oh boy. Now, before you plan to drop your kid off at Grandma’s and hop on the fastest flight out of town, remember: Your baby needs you most during a wonder week.

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“What would you do if your whole world changed drastically and suddenly?” asks Plas. “You would be clinging on to the only people you know (parents), you would be crying, and cranky, too, right? And if everything changed…you would lose your appetite, too, and you surely wouldn’t allow yourself a good night’s rest!”
Even though it can be completely frustrating and overwhelming, this is how your child is going to deal with the first phase of a wonder week. You may also notice that during a wonder week, your baby wants to nurse nonstop and wakes up often during the night even if they’re usually a good sleeper.
“If you think about all of these signs, you will notice that they are all signs of stress,” says Plas. “The start of each wonder week is a brain change, which is a lot to deal with for a baby.”
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Understanding that your child is about to go through or is going through a wonder week can help you plan ahead for fussy behavior. For example, you may want to reschedule that family vacation to the Bahamas if your baby will be going through a wonder week during that time. Lazing the day away in a beachside cabana might sound like your idea of paradise, but to baby, the stress of going through big neurological changes may be compounded by being in an unfamiliar location or different sleeping space.

Good news: You can comfort your baby during a wonder week.

“What your baby wants most of all when going through a leap is to get to know and familiarize itself with the new perceptional world he or she has entered with this wonder week,” says Plas. “This is why parents need to familiarize themselves with the perceptual world of that specific leap. It will help parents to really understand what their baby is going through. This way, parents can understand and help their baby much better. Plus, when a baby is helped to understand the new perceptional world, the fussy phase is shorter. Good bonus!”
One way to really put yourself in your baby’s booties during a wonder week is to familiarize yourself with each wonder week well before it begins.
Nicole Johnson, creator of the Baby Sleep Site, says, “It’s best for you not to create new long-term habits for a short-term problem.” That’s why Johnson developed a handy chart of the most common wonder weeks your child will experience.

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Parents, familiarize yourselves with this chart. Put it in your Google calendar. Get it tattooed on your arm. Do whatever it takes to memorize each developmental milestone and the corresponding wonder week. You’ll thank me later.
For example, my baby slept through the night almost from birth. Then (as I mentioned earlier), he went through a four-month sleep regression. The first couple of nights, I tried letting him cry it out. Let’s just say it didn’t work. He cried for hours, even after I caved and tucked him into bed with me.
A few days later, when I stumbled across Johnson’s chart, I realized, Oh, hey, this might be a wonder week.
According to the wonder weeks chart,  right around four months, your child hits a big growth spurt. So, had I understood in advance that my baby was going to be cranky because he was growing, crying because his brain was learning something new, and clinging to me for comfort because he didn’t understand what was happening, I might not have gotten so incredibly frustrated with him, which would have been less stressful for both of us.
During a wonder week, your baby may not nap or sleep consistently through the night. “We do often need to give our little ones more support during a wonder week, but if you can avoid going overboard and ‘extreme’ in how you handle it, you will get through it faster and back to better sleep faster,” says Johnson.
“If you don’t normally bed-share, for example, if you begin bed-sharing, you are communicating that this is the new sleeping arrangement, and it’s not easy to change it back once the wonder week is over,” she explains. “If you need to, go ahead and sleep in your little one’s room or in a bed next to him or her. It’s a lot easier to get yourself out of their room than them out of yours.”

Sunny days, chasing the clouds (of wonder weeks) away…

Remember, parents: This too shall pass!
The crankiness, crying, and clingy behavior your baby exhibits during a wonder week will eventually go away as your child passes from a wonder week into what’s called a sunny week.
Praise be!

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So just to recap what we’ve learned so far, a wonder week happens in three stages. We’ve covered the first two: the brain change, which happens in leaps, and the fussy stage (the three Cs), which is when parents can help reduce the amount of stress baby experiences during a wonder week. The third stage is what Plas likes to cheekily call “The Week of Wonder,” or when your baby finally connects the dots and can apply the developmental change he or she just experienced to their new understanding of the world.
After all this, says Plas, is a sunny week, or “a period that nothing changes in the brain, a period in which a baby understands the perceptual world it lives in. Until a baby is—like being struck by lightning—going through another brain change and thus back to another leap forward!”
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Parents can enjoy the sunny weeks by sticking to their child’s normal routines while still exposing them to new places, foods, and things. Sunny weeks are a great time to take trips with little ones because they’ll be more able to adapt to their new surroundings during a sunny week.
During sunny weeks, though, parents should also be looking ahead to future wonder weeks, so they’re not totally ambushed during their child’s next big neurological development.

Get yourself the Wonder Weeks app ASAP.

“I decided to [download the Wonder Weeks app] because at about 5 weeks, Naomi became really fussy, and I was concerned she might be sick. I googled it and stumbled upon the wonder weeks,” says first-time mom Tracy Jarrell.

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“What it was describing sounded like what she was going through, so I downloaded the app. It has seemed to line up pretty well with her leaps and has helped because it helps me as a parent understand what she is going through developmentally and how to help get through the leaps with activities that helps her use the new connections she has made,” Jarrell says. “It has also reassured me as a parent that these are learning stages, so the clingy fussiness is just part of her learning.”
Mom Kayla Hanks also downloaded the Wonder Weeks app after a friend suggested she try it. “My friend stated that this app was a lifesaver for being a first time mommy with twins,” she says. “I feel that in those first months, it definitely helped. I kind of felt like it gave me a heads up that my son would be experiencing increased fussing. My son is now over a year old, and I feel like I have a better grasp on his moods without the app.”
The Wonder Weeks app (available from iTunes and Google Play) essentially creates a personalized developmental growth chart for your baby, so you know when your child’s wonder weeks are coming up (because while wonder weeks do happen during certain specific week ranges, your baby’s wonder weeks are likely different from another baby’s).
The app also helps parents by teaching specific activities and coping techniques that apply to each wonder week as your child experiences it.
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The Wonder Weeks app isn’t free, but trust me, it’s worth the $2.99 to download, and the other in-app purchases paid for themselves a thousand times over the first time my baby experienced a wonder week.
To get the most out of the app, Plas suggests, “Please always enter the due date (not birth date) of your baby because leaps are calculated by due date. And if you have any questions, ask us on Facebook, and we’ll always answer them!”
We’re coming up on eight months with my munchkin, and according to my wonder weeks chart, that means we’re headed straight for another sleep regression (say it ain’t so!). But this time, thanks to the Wonder Weeks app (and lots of coffee), we’re prepared for the sleepless—and fortunately temporary—nights ahead.

Categories
Mindful Parenting Motherhood

Cosmic Kids Yoga: Jaime Amor Talks Anger, Mindfulness, And Better Ways To Teach Our Kids

Since 2012, Cosmic Kids Yoga has been a positive force in the sometimes questionable world of online children’s entertainment. The concept is simple: Teacher Jaime Amor guides kids through a series of poses using a colorful cadre of animals to make the lessons more appealing to young minds. She stands on a round yoga mat, talking directly to her audience, bringing them through “yoga adventures” that invite them to use their imaginations while moving their bodies.
If Cosmic Kids Yoga stopped there, that would be enough, but Amor has a bigger mission. In the vein of legendary television presenters like Mr. Rogers, she focuses on imparting useful lessons to her young audience, teaching them how to handle difficult emotions, confront personal challenges, and interact with their world in healthy, positive ways.
Over the last six years, Cosmic Kids Yoga has grown. Episodes like “Pedro the Penguin” quickly gained hundreds of thousands of views, and the Cosmic Kids YouTube channel now has more than 200,000 subscribers.

We spoke with Amor to discuss how yoga can help children—and to find out what’s next for Cosmic Kids Yoga.

HealthyWay: We mentioned this in our emails, but a few of our editors have kids that are big fans of yours.

Amor: Aww, that’s amazing! That’s so encouraging when we hear it. I always thought that if the kids like it, we’re doing something well.

What is it about Cosmic Kids Yoga that you think makes it such an effective form of exercise for children?

It really works on multiple levels. Firstly, because of the way that they’re physically engaged, they’ve got something physical to do. And secondly, the stories just keep them wanting to continue along on the adventure.

You’ve got quite a range of stories, too.

Yes, you’ve got everything from mermaids to space monkeys to baby seahorses. The kids are really interested in all of the cute, fun characters.

There’s a practical side—all the things that I’ve done in the videos are things that I’ve practiced and done with kids in real-life classes, so I know that they work.
And we have these practical life lessons where kids are able to take some of the techniques that they learn in the stories and then apply them to their real life, you know? If they feel like they need some headspace and calm, they’ve got their 10-down count that we learn in Lulu the Lion Cub. It’s about slowly breathing and counting down from 10 to one.
That’s a proper mindfulness technique, really. But it’s also really practical for a kid; if they ever notice that level of stress in themselves, they can just engage it. I think it’s the combination of the fun factor and the practicality of it that really makes the kids want to do it.

And yoga feels good—that’s certainly something!

Yes, it feels good! I think that moving your body, doing these yoga poses feels great. And kids love moving. They’re always moving in some way. That’s how we work out what our bodies can do.

Mindfulness isn’t really something that we focus on as a culture. We don’t really give children the tools that they need to deal with their emotions in a healthy way.

Yeah, exactly. And I think what I’ve found is that, in the stories, we can create an event—a situation—where a particular feeling or challenge will crop up.
Perhaps our brothers and sisters have been making fun of us. Well, Lulu the Lion Cub, she hasn’t learned how to roar yet. She’s feeling those same emotions, because her brothers and sisters are saying, “Wah, wah, you haven’t learned how to roar yet!”

That’s a real thing that a lot of kids will relate to. So we’ll go with Lulu on a little journey to see how she might help herself deal with that frustration in those moments. There, vicariously through a character, you’ve learned a technique, but it doesn’t feel like you’re being told what to do. It’s not being pushed on you; it’s being offered as a solution.
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And in the stories, I often make the kids the heroes. They’re the ones actually giving Lulu the advice that she might take to help herself.
When you put kids in control like that, when you give them that hand of power, they say, “I know what I’m doing; I feel confident in this.” And so when they’re confronted with that situation, they really feel that those tools are at their fingertips, ready to use.

Speaking of practicality, we were wondering about some of the practical elements of the show. Who comes up with all of the creative ideas?

We have a really small team. I generally come up with the stories. I work with Martin, my husband, and we work very much as a team to decide on the message. What do we want to do in this story? What do we want kids to take away with them?
And then I’ll go away and I’ll build a plot around situations that kids might have found themselves in, then try to relate that to the animal world. What’s brilliant about the animal world is that it lends itself to yoga; obviously so many yoga poses are based in nature. It really helps to create a yoga journey that I can put together with that story.
Then we rehearse a few times. I go to schools, and I try [the story] with different groups of kids. I’ll figure out what bits are working, what bits aren’t working, and then it’s ready for the green screen studio.
We go into the studio once every four or five months. I’ll have spent three or four weeks trying to cram as many stories as I can into my head, and then I’ll try to film over a couple of days, between six and 10 stories.

Cosmic Kids Yoga uses a lot of green screen. Is that a challenge?

It is, but I’m used to it now. Initially, it was quite interesting. It was just a piece of fabric that we put up in a local village hall.
Now, [the studio] is five minutes down the road from us, and it’s a proper, full-on, wonderful, infinity curve green screen, which is absolutely amazing.
In the room, usually, there’s me, my husband Martin, and Konrad, who’s our third team member. He does all of our production, films it, and does all of our backgrounds. He’s an incredibly talented guy, so he knows how to build these wonderful worlds.
So it’s the three of us. There’s also Nick, our animator, who draws our little characters that appear sometimes at the beginning of the session. That’s it, really; it’s a very intimate affair, so I feel incredibly relaxed.
I think about the camera like it’s a group of kids I’m talking to. I think that’s another factor that helps the kids get it. They really see me talking to them—because I am talking to them. There’s a lens in the way, but I don’t think about it like that.

Was there a single experience you had, or a single factor that led to the creation of Cosmic Kids Yoga?

I used to be a children’s entertainer. I would work through the weekends as an actor, and I would dress up as a fairy, or a princess, or a pirate, and I’d go to a children’s party. I would have two hours to make it the most fun, exciting, engaging two hours they’d ever had, and really celebrate the birthday boy or birthday girl.
Quite early on, I realized that I couldn’t just sit there and tell a story in a costume. It occurred to me that if I actually got them to physicalize the story with me as I told it, they would be a lot more engaged.

Sure enough, they were. I used to tell this story—there was a witch, and in order to stop the witch from putting a curse on all of us, we had to learn these five special moves. I taught them five yoga poses, and they’d make the witch melt into a puddle on the floor. They’d all be elated, jumping around. “We did it! We did it!”

It was at that point that I realized—you can make something so much more experiential if you get kids moving. Not only that, you’ve got 25 kids in a room, and they’re very high energy. They’re excited to be at the party. But it’ll be completely pin-drop silent when you’re teaching them these moves.

That’s when I knew that there was this incredible combination of storytelling and yoga that could, in itself, be an activity.

Did you immediately start trying to build Cosmic Kids Yoga?

At that point, I was working at a school—I was running a cookery club. I talked to the headmaster and said, “Would you mind if I tried some yoga with the kids?” He was really open to it, so it started from there.
That grew. I was doing 15 classes a week at various schools all around where I lived. After doing that for about two or three years, Martin, my husband—his background is in innovation—he looked at me as I was dragging my mat somewhere after a long, long day.
He said, “I think we should try filming you and see what happens if we put it on YouTube.” That was where the Cosmic Kids online world was born.
That really made sense to me at that point, because often in my classes, you would find that if it was 3:15 on a Wednesday afternoon, not all the kids felt like doing their yoga at that prescribed time. But that’s when the after-school club is, or when they’ve been told, “You’re doing yoga.” That’s when they have to do it.
Having it available on a video on a platform like YouTube suddenly means that they can do it whenever they want. That meant the world of doing yoga for kids became so much more accessible.

How long after that did it start to become a success?

It took some time, you know. We were delighted every step of the way. When you start from nothing, when you start at zero—you get your first view, and you’re like, “Oh! Oh! We’ve had a view!”

We filmed three in the first day, and we sat on them for about three months because we thought they were ridiculous. We thought they were really odd—nobody was going to watch them.

But we put them up, and they slowly started getting views. We didn’t know anything about YouTube and how it works, so we started paying for ads. We attached ourselves [via ads] to Sesame Street.
From there, we started getting a few more views, then we stopped doing the ads, as we had our own little foothold of teachers and parents. We got feedback: “This is great!” “My kid really likes this!” “I’m going to tell my friends about it.”
Gradually, it became a more organic thing, and it grew really steadily. I mean, it took us about four years to get to 100,000 subscribers, but it’s one of those channels that isn’t really a subscriber-led thing. It’s more about the views.

Now it’s at the point where it’s 2–3 million views a month. It’s quite a bit more significant, and a lot of schools use it.

That has to feel very rewarding.

It is, relatively, yeah. You just keep putting one foot in front of the other, and you keep learning as you’re going. That’s the thing about self-publishing, isn’t it? It’s about putting yourself out there. And you can really see the arc of someone’s journey.

What’s your mindset for growing Cosmic Kids Yoga and bringing more kids into the fold?

What’s really been great is what’s at the core of it. The yoga adventures have been so sticky for the kids—they’ve been waiting for the next video. They’re keen to keep up the practice, and they want the next story.
The variety is really important to them, as I’ve found in teaching my live classes. Every week I go in and they say, “Which story are we doing this week?” You couldn’t say that you’re doing the same one as last week. That’s my motivation for keeping it fresh, and hopefully making it more appealing to more kids.

That’s fantastic. The exercise, obviously, is at the core of that, so let’s talk about yoga in general for a moment. When did you get into yoga?

I was about 19 and I was at drama school and we had a very spiritual voice teacher. She’d run a voluntary yoga session for us, and I found it really, really opened the door, because it showed me you could find this state of relaxation.

I found that really useful when I was working as an actor as well. Being on stage, or working with the camera, if you can find a state of calmness, or steadiness, or peace in yourself, you end up producing a more open and effective performance.

It wasn’t until I got into my sort of late twenties and early thirties that I thought, “Okay, I’m going to take my training and study yoga a bit further.” So I learned how to train and teach in Ashtanga.

Who are some of your favorite people in yoga? And just generally—who inspires you as an entertainer?

There’s my teacher here in the UK—he’s amazing—he’s called Jeff Phoenix. He’s got a pretty big following. He’s been doing it for 20 years, and he just oozes all of this tremendous energy. He’s an inspiration.

Recently, I’ve really enjoyed Dylan Werner, I think he’s really cool. And Patrick Beach. They’re kind of these young bucks that are coming up through the ranks. Back to the classics, Shiva Rea is amazing.
In the showbiz world, I was mostly inspired a few stage actors. Rory Kinnear is brilliant. I know he’s done a lot of movies as well, but seeing him on stage was inspiring. I’ve always loved Helena Bonham Carter—I know she’s absolutely mad, but I just think she’s great! There’s something kind of dangerous about her, and she’s exciting to watch.

Do you have any plans for Cosmic Kids over the next year?

At the moment, we’re in that sort of stage where we just want to keep making it. We’re in a really good groove at the moment. And there’s always new ideas kind of coming up and out of the woodwork. Kids will say, “Can you do a Pokémon one?” or “Can you do one about this movie that’s about to come out?” Kids really love the movie-themed episodes.
We’ve had schools using Cosmic Kids Yoga, and that’s something we’re really excited to see. What other forms could Cosmic Kids take? Could it take the form of a game? Could it use these other technologies we have now—Xbox Kinect, motion capture, even VR? So we’re considering those types of things, anything that could create an even more engaging world that kids could take part in.

We want kids to feel closer, and feel stronger about mindfulness in their own lives. That’s really our focus, just to keep making people aware of it and help more kids discover it.

I think it’s wonderful. Especially helping kids handle emotions in a healthy way is something we really need right now.

Absolutely. The next episode we’re going to be releasing is one of my stories, Mr. Hoppit the Hare, and it was inspired actually by [writer] David Sedaris. I don’t know if you know him. He’s brilliant. I just think he’s just so funny and dry.

And he did this incredible story about animals, which was inspired by Donald Trump building a wall between the States and Mexico. I just thought, well, here’s an opportunity—how do we celebrate diversity? How do I appreciate who’s in my community, and look around and see what’s happening around me, and recognize the good in it?

It’s interesting where your journey takes you, and how exactly how we can help kids learn about their own mental health, but also show them socially where everything is and how it’s unfolding in front of them.

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Mindful Parenting Motherhood

Creating A Little Yogi: How To Introduce Your Kids To Yoga

Is there anything cuter than a kid practicing yoga? When my nephew was 3, he took yoga at preschool and my sister sent me the video of him doing a sun salutation. He narrated the entire sequence (“and namaste”), but my favorite moment was when he jumped from downward dog to standing forward bend and said, “and give it a hop!” I died.
Yoga is, of course, not just for adults. While kids may not need it the way we do—they are already super flexible and hopefully not at all stressed—it can still be beneficial, especially as they progress in school and life becomes more challenging. And even if it doesn’t turn them into little meditators, it can be a wonderful source of fun: Who doesn’t want to be a frog or a lion?
Even more remarkable than my nephew’s little sun salutations is how yoga was used in the preschool classroom. The program was full of easy-to-do exercises for large groups in a classroom setting—reaching arms up and down, bending over and stretching legs—but mostly it was yogic breathing. The exercises were meant to calm the kids down and create a sense of quiet and ease in the classroom. One day I observed them and it really worked. The whole classroom went silent. It was a revelation.  
This is perhaps the biggest boon to a yoga practice, even for kids: the ability to calm down without the aid of a device or a parent or engaging in a full-on meltdown. But it’s not the only one.
Here are some other benefits of practicing yoga with your kids or enrolling them in a class.

Concentration

There’s something to focusing on a single task—breathe in, breathe out; balance on one leg—that helps kids develop the ability to concentrate on one activity at a time. That’s a boon in this moment of device overload.

Balance

Practicing standing on one leg, or your hands or head, can not only help with body and spatial awareness, but it’s practice for balancing in less…literal ways.

Positive Body Image/Confidence

This is especially good for preteens and teens. Yoga allows you to be with/in your body on your mat without judgement or pressure. You see all the incredible things your amazing body can do! Backbend, twist, forward bend, balance! It can help a lot with the self-love.

Group Activity That’s Not Competitive

No one is being left out! No one is winning or losing. No one is being picked last. Win–win!

Body Awareness

Yoga works on gross motor skills and also on much finer motor skills: When you’re balancing on one foot, even a microscopic shift can make you fall over! The practice is a wonderful way to become aware of all the ways tiny shifts in how we hold ourselves and behave generally make a difference in our days.

Strength and Flexibility

Some kids need more musculature, some more flexibility—yoga develops both, and not just on a physical level. A kid who needs more strength can carry those teachings into her life (“I can be stronger and tougher!”). A kid who is tight can learn to loosen up not just in his hamstrings, but off the mat as well (“maybe I can go with the flow a little more…”)
Want to bring yoga to your kids at home? Cosmic Kids and Gaia are wonderful places to start. Watch or download whatever classes your kid likes. (This is a great place to begin, but always best to find a live teacher!)
Namaste.

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Mindful Parenting Motherhood

What's Your Parenting Style (And How Is It Affecting Your Kids)?

You recently got that treasured positive pregnancy test, and there are hundreds of questions whirling through your head: What will the baby be named? What kind of birth will you have? And importantly: What will your parenting style be?
Your mom and dad probably never gave much thought to their parenting style other than “Keep the kids alive” or “Raise good humans.” However, in recent years it’s become easier than ever to find like-minded people online, and the idea of [linkbuilder id=”6511″ text=”parenting styles”] has taken off. Terms like “helicopter parent,” “free-range mom” and “attachment parenting” have become mainstream, and new parents often feel like they need to investigate each parenting style and ascribe to one before their child is even born.
Some parents begin picking a parenting style just as early as they pick a nursery theme or a hospital to deliver at. There are many books and expert opinions on [linkbuilder id=”6516″ text=”different parenting styles”] available, and lots of parents begin researching months before their child is born—or even before they conceive! It’s not all that surprising, though. After all, this is an important decision since your parenting style can have lifelong effects on both you and your children.
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Here’s everything you need to know about parenting styles, from the consequences, behaviors, and everyday parenting choices associated with the most common styles to the drawbacks of having a rigid parenting style picked out.

Where did the idea of parenting styles come from?

When you were growing up, you probably never heard much about parenting styles, and you might be wondering what all the fuss is about. That’s because the idea of defined parenting styles is relatively new.
“Our studies of parenting models or styles are not that old,” says John Mayer, PhD, a practicing clinical psychologist licensed in six states who specializes in working with children, teens, and their families.
Mayer says that in the past children were effectively considered small adults and were expected to behave as such, so no defined parenting styles were needed. That changed a bit in the 1930s when psychologists began studying child development and realized that how kids are parented could affect their personalities as they grew.
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Still, throughout most of the 20th century child rearing was kept fairly simple. Most children were expected to be obedient and respectful, and parents assumed a relatively strict role.
The more modern idea of parenting styles that tap into different social and emotional belief systems is very recent, says Ken Dolan-Del Vecchio, LCSW, a licensed marriage and family therapist and author of Simple Habits of Exceptional (But Not Perfect) Parents.
​“It’s all about marketing,” he says. “Some parenting theorists package their recommendations into neat, catchy titles for marketing purposes​ the same way that dieting experts do.​ The mainstream media needs fresh content, so these new approaches gain visibility and, hence, adherents.”
Today, talking about parenting styles has become mainstream. But it turns out that there is quite a bit of research backing up the belief in the importance of distinct parenting styles.

The Scientifically-Described Parenting Styles

Many parenting styles are indeed new, and almost branded to the specific person who brought them to fruition. However, on a broader level, there is scientific merit to the idea that how children are parented affects the people they grow up to be.
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When researchers look at parenting styles, they’re often talking about different things than most parents are considering when we talk casually about parenting styles. While pop-culture styles like free-range or attachment parenting focus on how parents behave, scientific research tends to focus on four types of parenting styles that are driven by what parents believe. These scientifically recognized styles were first identified by Diana Baumrind, a clinical and developmental psychologist.
In 1966, Baumrind published a scientific paper that defined three distinct types of parenting styles (later scientists would add a fourth: more on that in a minute!). They were:

The Authoritarian Parenting Style

Parents who have an authoritarian parenting style believe that children should not question them. They emphasize the need for obedience and opt for strict punishment if rules are broken. Authoritarian parents would have no problem using the phrase “Because I said so” to justify their actions since they believe a parent has ultimate power to give commands to their kids.

The Authoritative Parenting Style

Authoritative parents have strict expectations of their kids, but will explain why, rather than just expecting the child to obey them because they said so, Baumrind wrote. People who ascribe to this parenting style are willing to explain their decisions using logic and reason, but these parents aren’t interested in their children’s desires or opinions when it comes to making parental decisions.
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For example, an authoritative parent might explain to a preschooler that she needs to wear a matching, coordinated outfit to a family event because dressing nicely is a sign of respect. If the child still didn’t want to dress how the parent wants her to, an authoritarian parent would enforce their expectation and make the child change into an appropriate outfit.

The Permissive Parenting Style

Permissive parents give a lot of weight to their children’s thoughts and opinions when making parenting decisions. People who chose this parenting style are likely to affirm their kids’ feelings and less likely to dole out punishments or have strict expectations. In the example above, a permissive parent would most likely let the child chose his or her own outfit to wear to the event, even if it was not what the parent would ideally like.

The Fourth Parenting Style

In 1983 researchers added a fourth category: the uninvolved parenting style. These parents don’t enforce strict standards, and they are not nurturing or warm toward their children.
These styles are still considered relevant by psychologists today. Gail Gross, PhD, EdD, writes that each is associated with distinct effects. Children of authoritarian parents often seek approval and associated approval with love, she says, while children with permissive parents might be unorganized, lack boundaries, or not have much self-control. Children of uninvolved parents often lose their ability to trust, which can affect their relationships later in life.
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Gross writes that the authoritative parenting style is best for most kids.
“Authoritative parents regularly communicate expectations and potential consequences, thereby raising a child in an environment that provides both security and confidence, which helps build his self-esteem,” she writes.

The Pop-Culture Parenting Styles

While researchers have defined the parenting styles above and studied how they influence development, modern parenting experts have articulated additional parenting styles that have become more well-known in modern pop culture. You’re probably not sitting around with your friends debating the merits of being an authoritative versus a permissive parent, but you’ve probably thrown “helicopter parent” around a time or two.
Although modern parenting styles can be related to the scientific parenting styles outlined above, pop-culture parenting styles all have their own tenants and focuses. While the scientifically recognized parenting styles were defined through observation, modern parenting styles have been heavily influenced by our cultural moments and collective values and desires.
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Here are three pop-culture parenting styles that you’ve probably heard of:

The Attachment Parenting Style

Attachment parenting is a phrase coined by William Sears, a pediatrician. The attachment parenting style focuses on the bond between mom and baby, with particular attention given to meeting a child’s physical needs as a newborn, says Sheryl Ziegler, PhD, a psychologist and author of Mommy Burnout. Attachment parents often emphasize breastfeeding, babywearing, and responding to baby’s every cry.
Advocates of the attachment parenting style claim that it builds a secure bond between parent and child that will set the child up for healthy relationships throughout their lives.
Skeptics, however say that it can have drawbacks as well. “In this parenting style [the maternal–child bond] is often over exaggerated and leads to poor parenting habits such as breastfeeding too long, sleeping with the baby, again, too long, and exclusion of co-parent and other significant others,” says Mayer.

The Free-Range Parenting Style

When journalist Lenore Skenazy wrote about letting her 9-year-old son ride the subway on his own, she sparked a firestorm that led to the creation of the free-range parenting movement. Free-range parenting isn’t based on a medical or scientific belief, but rather the idea that parents need to give their kids a bit of freedom and space, with the general assumption that kids will be safe.
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“The mantra would be something like ‘Kids are not in constant danger…so stop parenting them that way,’” Ziegler tells HealthyWay.
Advocates say that this is the approach that was common throughout most of the 20th century, when kids were sent outside to play unsupervised, or to run to the store for their parents. Advocates also emphasize that the world remains relatively safe for kids and that giving them space encourages independence and self-reliability.
However, detractors says that this approach can put kids in danger. “There is a misnomer that free-range parents are too carefree, don’t care about rules and discipline, and that kids run wild,” Ziegler explains. “However, that is not really the case. Free-range parents do believe in safety but they have more of a fundamental trust in kids and community to take care of itself.”

The Helicopter Parenting Style

Unlike the first two parenting styles, helicopter parenting has a decidedly negative connotation. This parenting style describes parents who are always around and regularly do things for their children that the children could easily do themselves. For toddlers, that might mean keeping hands on them on the playground, whereas older kids with helicopter parents might have their laundry and college applications done for them.
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Parents sometimes find themselves hovering too close to their child—like a helicopter—because of their own anxieties. However, detractors say that this can cause anxiety in kids and can diminish or stunt their belief in themselves.
“This leads to deficits in individual responsibility, maturity, accountability, and personal relationship formation,” Mayer says.

What To Do If Your Parenting Style Isn’t Working

Trying to follow one of these particular parenting styles can be useful for figuring out how you (and your partner, if you have one) will confront the challenges that kids bring. However, having a rigid parenting style can also be a cause of stress. If you find yourself worrying about not doing things the “right” way or making certain decisions just because they’re in line with your chosen style rather than because you genuinely believe those decisions are best for your child, it may indicate that your chosen parenting style isn’t working for you according to Dolan-Del Vecchio.
“Our interactions with our children cannot be fit into neat categories,” he says.
Ziegler says that it’s important to keep some flexibility no matter what approach you think will be best for you and your child. For example, an attachment parent may plan to babywear frequently, but have a child who prefers to be able to move independently. In cases like that, it’s perfectly fine to adjust the tenets of your chosen parenting style to fit your family’s needs.
“Instead of abandoning the style all together, I encourage new parents to take the style—as with many things in life—in moderation,” Ziegler says.
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Creating Your Own Parenting Style

Ultimately, experimenting with different parenting styles can help you find the method that is the best fit for your family.
“I would remind parents that popular parenting styles come and go,” Ziegler says. “If they want to make a change they can do so in certain areas, but can maintain that style at other times. It doesn’t have to be all or nothing.”
Dolan-Del Vecchio recommends parents take lessons from each parenting style and meld them together to create an approach that works the best for their family members’ specific circumstances and personalities.
“The core messages within each of these styles apply well to the particulars of certain situations and not well to others,” he explains. “For example, it is healthy for parents to helicopter when teaching their young child to swim, ride a bike, and use the internet, but unhealthy when their child does his or her homework. It is healthy for a parent to apply strict rules about curfew and time limits on use of technology during their child’s early stages of development but this will hopefully change as their child moves toward adulthood.”
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Letting go of the need to adhere to a specific parenting style can allow parents the freedom to make the decisions that they are most comfortable with, Dolan-Del Vecchio says. He goes on to say it’s important that kids know what to expect from their parents, but it is not important that adults be able to label their particular brand of parenting.
“I think ​having a defined parenting doctrine is wrongheaded. Parenting requires us to be observant of ourselves and our child, flexible in our approach to providing loving guidance, and ready to negotiate and compromise with our co-parent if we have one so that we approach our child with consistency.”
Parenting styles can provide great guidance for raising kids and give you a foundation for building your family’s belief system when it comes to matters of discipline and authority. However, if you find that your parenting style is giving you more stress than relief, it’s perfectly okay to adjust your parenting style or decide that you don’t need a defined approach at all.
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For Happy Kids Who Study Harder, Get Them Moving

Today, after a long stretch of winter head colds and below-zero windchill, we got an unseasonably warm day here in the Midwest. Finally, after spending days stuck in the house, I was able to take my kids out for a bike ride and some time at the park.
Just two hours in the sun—running around, climbing the jungle gym, and biking the trail—completely changed the mood of our entire family. Days like today are a reminder of just how important it is that my kids move on a regular basis if I want our household to maintain its upbeat attitude.
Of course, dealing with cabin fever isn’t the only benefit to active play. In fact, recent research indicates that active play is so much more than a chance for kids to burn off steam. According to a study published by the University of Stirling and BBC Learning’s Terrific Science Campaign, a little exercise every day can enhance how kids perform in school.

How Playtime Can Turn Kids Into High-Achievers

Kids who move more report feeling happier and experience improvements in their cognition.
The kids in the University of Stirling/BBC study were given the chance to take brief breaks from school to engage in physical activity. The kids who were encouraged to run or walk at their own pace fared better when it was time to head back to the classroom. They had an easier time remembering what they were learning and showed improved attention spans.
The researchers responsible for this study believe there is a practical takeaway from the results: Teachers should encourage their students to take regular breaks for self-paced exercise throughout the day. Doing this could help children enjoy their schoolwork more and succeed more easily.

Five Ideas to Get Your Kids Moving

Teachers aren’t the only adults who can benefit from keeping the kids in their care active; parents should use this knowledge to their advantage, too! Keeping your kids active can help them perform better in school and could make getting through homework simpler in the evenings.
Encourage your children to engage in short spurts of self-paced exercise when they are at home. It doesn’t have to elaborate and intense and it certainly doesn’t have to be boring! Here are few ideas for getting your little students moving more:

1. Ride it out.

Family bike rides are an amazing way to keep the whole family moving. If you find that you and your kids are staring at screens in the evening, try changing things up once a week. Plan ahead to bond in the great outdoors and pencil it in on the family calendar to keep yourself accountable.

2. Shake your groove thing.

Two of my three kids are too little to ride their own bikes, but you’re never too little to dance. When the weather’s too cold for outdoor play, we put on our favorite playlist and spend half an hour dancing around the living room.

3. Hit the trails.

Children belong in nature. There is dirt. There are bugs. There is always a chance to run and climb. What more could they ask for? Fill a backpack with water, snacks, and a first aid kit. Turn off Saturday morning cartoons and spend the weekend exploring local nature sanctuaries or state parks.

4. Mommy and Me

No matter how little your kids are, there are plenty of chances to get moving in most communities. Mommy-and-me classes are great for new moms and their babies or toddlers. Check out water babies classes at your local pool or sign up for mommy-and-me yoga.

5. Take it to court.

Most community centers have open gym several times a week. Lace up your sneakers and take the entire family for a family basketball game. Learning to dribble and shoot is the perfect way to fill an afternoon as a family.

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Mindful Parenting Motherhood

6 Basic Rules For Teaching Your Kids Internet Safety

If you’ve spent any time at all on social media lately (and let’s face it, what parent doesn’t escape to Facebook now and again for some adult conversation?), you’ve probably seen one of the “good old days” memes. They’re all slightly different, but there’s one general sentiment: Kids today are spoiled brats, and technology is to blame.
It’s easy enough to hit share when you’re thinking back to your glorious childhood of climbing trees and reading battered paperbacks. But if you’re a parent struggling with the question of when to let your kids into the world of modern technology and just how to keep them safe, the memes can be a slap in the face.
Of course you were out on your bike instead of texting on an iPhone when you were 12…the iPhone hadn’t yet been invented! But now you’re raising a child in the era of digital natives, and at some point gadgets are going to end up in their hands, if only because they’re part of most public school programs in this day and age.
So what can you do to keep your kids from being swallowed up by the internet behemoth?

1. Use technology to your advantage.

By the time your kids are 18 months old, it’s okay to let them have some screen time, according to the American Academy of Pediatrics. They even offer up recommended time limits for each age group. If you’re looking to stick to the doctors’ limits or make your own, there’s no need to clock watch while you’re trying to do laundry and make dinner. Technology is on your side.
Internet filtering and monitor systems are a wise (and relatively inexpensive) investment to make from the get-go. Some, like Disney’s Circle, allow parents to preset sites kids can visit and allot an amount of time kids can spend online before the system shuts them out, turning that iPad in your 2-year-old’s hand into a really expensive sippy cup coaster. Before you purchase something new, dig out the guidebook for your wifi router. Some have similar controls.

2. Follow the rules.

Most of the age-related guidelines are just that, guidelines. There’s no punishment if you’re down with the flu and your toddler (gasp!) watches three hours of Paw Patrol.
Most social media platforms, on the other hand, have hard and fast rules that kids cannot create profiles until age 13. If a child is discovered on the platform, they can be kicked off entirely.  
Sure, your kids are (almost definitely) going to have friends whose parents let them break the platform rules. They’ll tell you that they want to be on Instagram just like Jamal or Joanie. But pulling up each platform’s terms of service can help quash the complaints.
Although you don’t want to badmouth another parent, remind your kids that rules in your house are meant to be followed. Placing internet rules in the context of home rules can also cement in their mind that there’s no wiggle room…not even on that “no dessert before dinner” rule.

3. Be a good netizen.

When someone brakes hard in front of you and you let out a stream of curse words, you know your toddler is bound to pick up a new vocabulary. Kids watch us. They learn from us. And that applies to what we do online too.
If you are using “iffy” websites to download free movies that you’re not quite sure are legal or if you’re engaging in some nasty rage tweeting, your kids are taking notice…and the chances that they stumble on those iffy sites or turn into cyberbullies themselves are much higher.

4. Lock things down.

The services a child needs to access on a gadget vary wildly depending on their age and why you gave them the gadget in the first place. If you give a 4-year-old a tablet for reading books, for example, they likely don’t need internet access. And a 6-year-old may like looking up facts about animals, but they don’t need to be able to iMessage with anyone.
Before you hand over any gadget, get acquainted with what it does, and turn off any services you don’t feel your child needs or is ready to handle. That could mean giving your 4-year-old an iPad with the texting, email, and internet browser shut off, plus a password lock that prevents them from downloading any new content without your approval.
Or it could mean removing apps such as YouTube and replacing them with kid-friendly video apps such as YouTube Kids so your animal-crazy 6-year-old can see funny cat videos without finding something more insidious.  

5. Monitor the situation.

Reading a child’s texts or checking their internet browser history may feel like a violation of privacy to some parents, but the stakes are much higher on the internet than they are with a handwritten diary shoved under the mattress.
Make kids aware from the start that their gadgets are a privilege, not a right, and that the sites they visit and the texts they send will be monitored. This can help ease your guilt while also making them think each time they use their tablet or phone, “Hey, Mom or Dad is going to see this. Do I want them to?”

6. Don’t shy away from the hard stuff.

Sexting and cyberbullying aren’t just serious parenting issues. They can be legal issues too. Even a photo of themselves can be construed as child pornography by the police. Talking to our kids early and often seems to be the most effective way to head off these issues, so don’t delay.
Even before a child has their own gadget with a camera, they need to know that they should be wary of their friends taking photos (even if they’re innocently changing in the background at a sleepover or taking wild selfies). Make sure they’re keenly aware that anything can be screenshot and saved, even on apps like Snapchat, where media is designed to “disappear.”
When in doubt, remember: You know your kids. The rules you lay down should fit them and your family both.