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Motherhood

What Parents Need To Know About Privacy In The Age Of Social Media

Like most 20-somethings, I’ve been on the internet for a long time. Long before there were children in my life or even a serious love interest (unless you count a junior high crush), I was spending my free time sending emails to girlfriends on Juno, then chatting on AIM, writing out my teenage angst on Xanga, and then posting songs from my favorite screamo band on Myspace.
So I grew up online. And then, when social media really took off, I was in high school and then moving on to college and adulthood. I grew accustomed to living my life out online, posting pictures of my wedding, my first home, and then my first baby. It was what I had always done, and it didn’t cross my mind that having children should change that in anyway.
Now, I’ve been posting pictures of my children online for over five years. I’ve been careful, to an extent, keeping the pictures appropriate, especially as my children grew older. Recently, I started to wonder if being careful wasn’t enough. They’re too young to consent to me posting pictures of them online, so is every post I make about them an invasion of their privacy?HealthyWay
It’s hard not to feel a little anxious about the choices I’ve made to live my life so transparently online. What will my children think about my social media choices when they’re teens? In 2016, for instance, an 18-year-old sued her parents for sharing over 500 pictures of her childhood on social media. According to USA Today, these Austrian parents hadn’t practiced a lot of discretion, posting pictures of her using the bathroom and sleeping unclothed.HealthyWay
For a generation that became parents in the age of social media, it’s difficult to know what is and isn’t appropriate to share. Cases like these are raising serious questions about each child’s right to privacy, along with the potential for legal consequences when parents don’t respect that right.

Every Child Has a Right to Privacy

“It is very important to teach children how to tell their own story and direct their own narrative,” explains Rob Holmes, a private investigator and security consultant who specializes in handling privacy issues, threats, and intellectual property.
https://twitter.com/ihearttheastros/status/950574645987639299
Unfortunately, for children who have grown up in the social media age, many parents are creating narratives for their children long before that child can consent to sharing that information online. It isn’t the occasional video of a child’s first steps or a photo of their preschool graduation, either. It’s the day-to-day of their lives—good, bad, and embarrassing.
HealthyWay
A Nominet and Parent Zone study reveals the sharing done by parents is much more extensive than most realize, with the average parenting sharing roughly 1,500 pictures of their child online before their fifth birthday. This level of oversharing presents two serious issues, in the the opinion of Lisa Vallejos, PhD, who shares her thoughts with HealthyWay from the perspective of a therapist and a mother herself.HealthyWay
First, there are the issues of safety, which is a concern every parent should consider when posting pictures of their child online. In each image shared, including those shared to private accounts, there is code called metadata. This code contains information about the image, like the GPS location and the contact information of the person who took the photo, according to TechTarget.
Secondly, there is the potential of what we share online now becoming a source of shame for our children in the near future. Of course parents think that everything their baby and toddlers do is cute, but it is difficult to predict how those images could be harmful to the child in the future, and Vallegos encourages parents to keep that in mind.HealthyWay
“Particularly in photos that can provoke feelings of shame,” she says. “Once it’s out there, it’s out there, and you can’t get it back.”
She went on to say there is significant potential for these images, from potty training to tantrums, to later be found and have impact on relationships, friendships, and even careers, simply because they exist and could create shame for the child.

Every Child has a Right to Consent

Beyond the obvious impact parents’ online activity has on their children, the choice to post pictures of a child without their knowledge or permission raises big questions about the topic of consent, according to Vallegos. She was quick to point out how current events, specifically multiple allegations of sexual harassment and sexual abuse, should only further motivate parents to take the topic of consent more seriously.
https://twitter.com/Herbsterr/status/951287175223668737
More specifically, parents should consider the message it sends when they teach their child about consent but then do not respect that child’s own right to consent by oversharing private information about them online.
“We have to talk about consent, and we have to talk about consent from an early age,” she says. “It sends a really mixed message to a kid that they don’t get to consent with their parents, but they’re expected to know what consent is.”

Are there laws that protect children on social media?

If a teenager can sue her parents for sharing her baby photos on social media, does that mean there are laws in place meant to protect children from their parents’ oversharing? Unfortunately, the answer isn’t so black and white.HealthyWay
For example, in France parents have been formally urged to take their child’s privacy seriously, suggesting they shouldn’t be sharing pictures of their kids online at all. They take privacy so seriously that any parent who is sued by their child for a breach of privacy could pay as much as €45,000 in fines or spend a year in prison, according to The Verge.
In the States, there is obviously a much more relaxed stance on the subject of privacy for minors, but that doesn’t necessarily mean sharing online is without legal risk, according to Robert Ellis Smith, an attorney and the publisher of The Privacy Journal.
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“Generally, parents are able to give consent to use photographs for their children until they reach the age of consent,” he says, explaining that the age of consent varies from state to state but is typically between 16 and 18 years old. “Commercial exploitation of a photo or use of one showing highly embarrassing or sensitive features may override this rule of law.”

Relearning Social Media Use

Personally, as someone who has shared extensively online about my life as a mom and my kids’ childhoods, I’m beginning to feel some regret about my online habits. I’ve done the research, I’ve talked to the experts, and it has become pretty clear—posting about my kids online doesn’t benefit anyone but me.HealthyWay
At times, it feels like sharing photos of my kids is a right that I have as a parent, but now I find myself questioning that assumption. There seems to be a big difference between texting my mom a picture of one of her grandkids covered in food after a dinner of red sauce and pasta and posting that same image online for hundreds of followers and friends to see. I’m frustrated with myself that I haven’t seen that line until now, and I find myself wondering why I got into the habit in the first place.
“I think it could be that it’s just normal and accepted now,” says Vallejos, noting that although many assume it’s a symptom of narcissism, she believes that is rarely the case. “People don’t really think about the implications or the deeper issues.”


There is also the issue of competition and comparison, which I would love to believe I am immune to, but I know that is not true. It’s fairly typical for parents to feel a bit of competition with others, and children are a great source of validation, according to Vallejos.
For parents like me, who have spent so much of their lives on social media, it may be time to relearn how to use social media. I know that I have a lot to think about moving forward concerning what I post online.HealthyWay
There are two pieces of advice Vallejos offers to parents who feel they have already made mistakes when it comes to their kids’ privacy and social media. First, she suggests parents own the mistake, admit it to their kids, and decide not to get stuck in the shame. This is a good opportunity for parents to be transparent with their kids, admit their mistake, and explain that moving forward they will ask them for permission before posting anything about them online. Secondly, and more practically, she suggests doing the work of removing or hiding pictures and status updates that breach your child’s privacy.
https://twitter.com/voxkristen/status/957096750271037441
As for me, I’ve got a lot of thinking to do. At first thought, it seems extreme to wipe my child’s identity from the internet. At the same time, I no longer feel like it was my choice to share their childhood, to write their story, to begin with. And so, I’ve started the work of slowly saving what I want to keep to a thumbdrive and deleting the rest. I can’t undo the oversharing I have done online, but I can do everything possible to lessen the impact it has on my child.

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More Than Mom Motherhood

Parental Burnout Is Real: Here Are Signs To Watch Out For And Advice On How To Cope

Most weekdays I wake up and get my toddler dressed before running out the door to the gym. While I wait for classes to start I usually check my work email, and when I’m done working up a sweat we drive directly to her school. I run home to shower, work, and hopefully throw in a load of laundry before getting back to school for pick-up time, which always comes too soon. Afternoons are filled with playdates and dance class, and by the time bedtime rolls around I just want to yell “Please give me five minutes to myself!”
If the moms in my circle of friends had to sum up their lives in a word, two of the most common responses would without a doubt be “busy” and “tired.” After all, most of us are juggling preschoolers and an infant (or pregnancy) along with a full-time job, running the household, and trying to carve out time for self-care. That’s a lot of responsibilities for one mama!
It’s no wonder that many moms (and parents in general) are feeling burned out. Burnout is more than feeling tired or overwhelmed: It’s the sense that you’re completely drained of your resources, losing connection with your kids, and failing as a parent. And according to a 2017 study published in Frontiers in Psychology, between 2 and 12 percent of parents feel this way.
Here are the signs to be aware of—and how to combat burnout.

What is burnout?

According to the study published in Frontiers, burnout is defined by three characteristics: “overwhelming exhaustion, a depersonalization of the beneficiaries of one’s work, and a sense of ineffectiveness and lack of accomplishment.” People who are burned out feel that they’ve completely drained their emotional and physical resources and don’t have the ability to carry on doing what they’ve been doing.
For parents, this manifests in a few specific ways. The depersonalization might show up as you snapping at your kids, perceiving that they are ungrateful, or feeling detached in general. The sense of ineffectiveness might leave you thinking you’re a bad parent or that things all parents deal with (such as temper tantrums or rebellion) are related to your parenting instead of just par for the course of being a parent.

How to Prevent and Heal Burnout

Burnout happens when you’re feeling drained of resources, so the way to prevent it from happening is to make sure that you always know that you have tools at your disposal. One way to do this is to outsource when possible. This might mean hiring a cleaning service, getting a mother’s helper, passing up some projects at work, or ordering meal delivery. Anything that gives you more time can increase your happiness and satisfaction with life, according to one recent study.
Another opportunity to replenish your emotional toolkit is intentionally connecting with your kids—taking a mindful approach to parenting and savoring moments with your kids without worrying about everything else you “should” be doing. This mindful approach to parenting has been shown to decrease stress among parents of kids with disabilities, and it can work for you too.
Parental burnout is a serious issue that seems to be on the rise, becoming more prevalent with our society’s increasingly pressure on—and unrealistic expectations of—parents.
By taking these steps you can keep being the parent you want to be!

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Mindful Parenting Motherhood

What To Do (And What To Avoid) When Baby Gets Sick

It’s inevitable. Friday night, when all the doctors’ offices have closed, baby starts coughing. That little forehead feels like your cheeks after you’ve run a marathon. Those little eyes are staring at you in utter confusion, wondering why Mommy can’t just make all the misery go away.
Of course, babies get sick every day of the week, but it always seems to happen when we’re headed into a winter weekend as cold and flu season rears its ugly head.
So, do you really need to run your baby to the emergency room, or is it OK to wait it out until Monday? We talked to the experts so you can put your mind at ease.

Fighting That Fever

You learned back in grade school that the average human’s body temperature sits at a cool 98.6. When baby’s temperature starts to climb above that, you need to be wary, but what you do next comes down to baby’s age, says Lavanya G. Shankar, MD, chair of pediatrics at Northwestern Medicine Central DuPage Hospital in Winfield, Illinois.
“Eight weeks and under, when they have a fever, whether they have other symptoms or not, an immediate call to the pediatrician is a good idea,” Shankar says. If you don’t hear back, don’t wait. Get in the car and drive to the closest ER or urgent care.
That fever, she notes, doesn’t mean 98.7 degrees. From a medical standpoint, doctors worry when the temperature hits 100.4 degrees in babies, and that temperature should be taken rectally (aka by sticking a thermometer in baby’s hiney).
“That’s the most accurate for babies 12 months and under,” Shankar explains.
That’s because babies that young won’t be able to keep a thermometer under their tongue the way older kids might, and there’s too much margin of error with ear and forehead thermometers.
If that rectal test shows a baby between 3 and 6 months has a fever, Shankar still recommends a call to the pediatrician, whether there are other symptoms present or not. “But you don’t need to rush anywhere,” she notes.
The urgency changes if your little one is showing other symptoms of illness, such as extreme fatigue or listlessness, glassy eyes, refusal to nurse or take a bottle, or excessive vomiting. If any (or many) of those symptoms are present, it’s time to take that trip to the ER.  
Infant Tylenol and infant Motrin can help baby fight a fever, and many pediatricians suggest switching between them throughout the day for babies older than 3 months, Shankar says. Your baby’s doctor can help you determine the right dosages and whether or not acetaminophen is appropriate.
One thing not to do? Don’t buy into old wives tales about starving a fever, Shankar warns. It’s important for babies to continue to eat a normal diet. If they’re not eating, it’s a sign you need to seek medical care.

Cutting Through Congestion

When cold and flu season hits, so does congestion, and baby’s little sinuses can take a wicked hit.
Typically the cause is a virus, says Benjamin Bring, DO, a primary care physician at OhioHealth Primary Care Physicians in Dublin, Ohio. Rhinovirus, also known as the common cold, is usually responsible as baby’s immune system isn’t equipped to fight off the disease that hits some 18 million Americans every year. But babies are also particularly susceptible to coronavirus, parainfluenza virus, adenovirus, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).
These viruses will cause baby to cough and sneeze, and make their little noses run thanks to increased mucus production (which stuffs them up). But because they’re viral, Bring says antibiotics are generally off the table. They won’t help—and in some cases they’ll actually make things worse.
“Babies and infants should be treated with conservative measures and rarely with medications,” Bring notes.
In other words? It’s not just okay to go old school when it comes to baby’s congestion—the methods used by our grandmas are often the best, and in many cases, they’re doctor approved.
“Some good treatments include cool mist humidifiers to help break up mucous secretions and a bulb syringe to help remove the mucus,” Bring says. “Saline nose drops can help in some circumstances as well. Often parents will use the steam from a shower in a bathroom if [they don’t have] access to a humidifier to help their baby breathe better [despite] a respiratory infection.”
Congestion itself isn’t cause for immediate concern, but if baby’s struggling to breathe, has a cough that sounds like a seal barking, or their skin turns a blue or dusky color, it’s time to make a run to the urgent care or emergency room, Bring says.
“This can indicate that the baby isn’t getting enough oxygen due to inflammation of the airways from the infection,” Bring explains. “Typically oxygen levels can be measured at an urgent care or ER through use of a pulse oximeter.”
If the congestion is accompanied by fever and other signs of illness (lethargy, glassy eyes, refusal to eat, etc.), you’ll want to make that hospital run.

Stock the medicine cabinet.

The baby section of your local pharmacy has almost as many choices as the adult areas, but be wary. There are plenty of items on the shelves that doctors warn against.
“There are very few over-the-counter medications [that] are recommended for young children and almost all of the cough [and] congestion medications should not be administered to children under age 4,” Bring warns.
The American Academy of Pediatrics warns parents against OTC cough and cold medicines, and pediatricians have come out against the use of Vicks Vapo Rub on kids under age 2. Even “natural” remedies such as echinacea, vitamin C, and zinc get the side-eye from the experts.
Instead, stock up on ibuprofen and acetaminophen (e.g. baby Tylenol and baby Motrin), which your pediatrician can suggest dosing out based on baby’s age and weight. In addition to bottles of each, grab bulb syringes for your medicine cabinet (and your diaper bag!), as well as saline nasal drops.
If you can, run cool mist humidifiers in your home to keep the whole family’s sinuses moist and comfortable.

An ounce of prevention…

Avoiding illness is every mom’s goal, but let’s face it: The world is full of germs, and babies are still building their immune systems. While adults tend to get two to four colds a year, kids can get five to 10.
The best ways to ward off serious illness? Good old-fashioned hygiene!
“Parents, caregivers, and anyone around the baby should be vigilant about handwashing, especially during the winter months,” Bring says.
If your baby is 6 months or older, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends a flu vaccination to help protect them from the flu.
“Getting a flu shot does not give you the flu,” Bring notes. “The immunization gives your child’s immune system a chance to create an immune response to a dead virus prior to being infected. This gives young children a head start for their immune system to start working on fighting the flu in case they do get infected with the virus later in the season.”
If illness does hit, be proactive. Take their temperature. Watch for the signs. Call your doctor. Trust that mom’s intuition. It can make all the difference.

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Motherhood

Try As You Might: Childproofing Mistakes Parents Can't Help But Make

Childproofing your home? Unfortunately, you’re probably making a few mistakes.

That’s not to say those mistakes result from poor efforts. If you’re like many parents, the childproofing process started right when your child started crawling. You secured your cabinets, covered sharp corners, picked up covers for all of your outlets, and took other essential steps to childproof your house. You thought carefully about every potential danger, purchased the most expensive products you could find, and made to pay close attention during every playtime.
Yet accidental injuries are the still the leading cause of fatality among children, according to data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Many of these accidents occur in the home, and many are preventable.
[pullquote align=”center”]”Our adult world is designed around convenience, and there’s never been a convenient baby.”
—Peter Kerin[/pullquote]
Childproofing is an expensive, time-consuming process, but even when you’re careful, it’s easy to make costly mistakes. But by changing your approach, you can effectively ensure your child’s safety (while eliminating a major source of stress).
We spoke with Peter Kerin, a Minnesota childproofing expert and owner of Foresight Childproofing, to learn about some of the common missteps that parents make when taking on their first childproofing projects. For instance…

1. Using pressure-mounted gates without reading the directions.

The first step that most parents take when childproofing their homes: installing gates. It’s a good impulse, but Kerin says that some of the most common gates simply aren’t up to the task.
HealthyWay
“The biggest mistake that people make when trying to childproof is that they use a pressure-mounted gate at the top of stairs,” Kerin says. “First of all, any pressure-mounted gate has special restraining caps that you’re supposed to screw in.”
Many parents don’t install those extra screws, which creates an obvious safety hazard; a child leaning against the gate could dislodge it, causing a serious accident. And even when they’re properly installed, pressure-mounted gates are designed for convenience, which isn’t always a good thing.
HealthyWay
“Some gates swing in both directions,” Kerin adds. “You never want a gate that opens towards the stairs.”
Hardware gates can be safer, and while they require a more involved installation, Kerin says that they’re well worth the extra effort. The Consumer Product Safety Commission agrees, noting that at the top of staircases, parents should only use gates that screw directly into the wall.

2. Getting childproofing “hacks” off of social media sites.

We know, we know; we love life hacks as much as the next online publication. We’ve even employed a few childproofing hacks in our own homes. But according to the experts, that’s not such a great idea.
“People are starting from a positive place,” Kerin says. “Parents go to Pinterest and they see these childproofing ‘hacks,’ so they want to try them out. Unfortunately, so many of them are not appropriate. They actually introduce dangers.”
[pullquote align=”center”]”Most of the traditional foam padding, children pull off, to be honest. The simple solution for childproofing a coffee table is to put it in the basement.”
—Peter Kerin[/pullquote]
Kerin says that, as a rule of thumb, anything you use to childproof your home should be made specifically for that purpose. While you might have trouble finding time to run to the store while raising your child, you should make the time—don’t just rely on things you find around the house.
“For instance, [parents might] take pipe insulation, which you can buy at Home Depot, and use that to cover hard corners,” Kerin says. “Well, the kids pull it off, and children are known for being oral; anything they have access to, they’re going to put in their mouths.”
HealthyWay
“You need something that isn’t a choking hazard. Something that adheres well, and doesn’t give much of a gripping profile, so that kids can’t get a hold of it easy.”
Even when properly installed, childproofing corner guards aren’t a perfect solution. Kerin has another suggestion for keeping kids safe: Don’t expose them to those corners in the first place.
“Most of the traditional foam padding, children pull off, to be honest,” Kerin says. “The simple solution for childproofing a coffee table is to put it in the basement.”

3. Using hair ties to keep children from invading cabinets.

This is an understandable mistake; you’ve got dozens of hair ties sitting around, and they seem to get the job done. Wrap a few of those around your cabinet handles, and you’re good to go, right? Not quite.

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Red Tricycle

“Some kids will figure those out pretty quickly,” Kerin says. “The best solution are magnetic cabinet locks. They’re a little more expensive, and they take a couple of days to get used to, but they provide so much more safety than any other option.”

Many magnetic locking systems install in seconds, and yes, they’re fairly stylish. With that said, your first priority is to find something that works, not to impress visitors with your chic decor.
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“People put fashion in front of function,” Kerin says, “but these are common-sense precautions. Always prioritize safety over style or convenience.”

4. Installing the baby monitor right next to the crib.

“Parents need to take the monitor off of the side of the crib,” Kerin says. “Children can’t have access to that power cord. It’s an easy fix that doesn’t cost you any money.”
A study from Childproofingexperts.com showed that 60 percent of baby monitors are installed within three feet of the crib, potentially within grasping distance for a curious baby. More disturbingly, 80 percent of those baby monitors had visible warning labels, which implies that parents simply aren’t reading the instructions.
HealthyWay
Why would parents make this mistake? They’re likely not thinking from an infant’s perspective.
“Every parent has been an adult longer than they’ve been a parent,” Kerin says. “Our adult world is designed around convenience, and there’s never been a convenient baby.”

5. Not thinking ahead.

Before tackling a childproofing project, make sure you’ve got the right perspective.
“Let’s take the wide-view on this: Parents just need to be aware of their child’s development,” Kerin says. “They need to be looking six months down the road, if not a year or two.”
HealthyWay
In other words, if your child just started crawling, your home should be prepared for their first steps. While that might seem like overkill, kids develop quickly, and they don’t wait for parents to catch up.
“Fathers will often tell me, ‘Oh, she’s not doing that.’ Well, no, she’s 7 months old! But they develop like little superheroes. Before you know it, they’re tall enough to reach the counter. You want to be proactive, not reactive.”
HealthyWay
“What might be adequate for a crawling 7-month-old might by wholly inadequate for a 12-month old. Anything you look at to provide safety, it’s important that it serves its purpose for the duration of your need. For most children, that’s [up to] 3 years and beyond.”
That might seem overwhelming to new parents, but the good news is that you’ll have peace of mind throughout your child’s development.
“The unexpected benefit is it makes parenting easier,” Kerin says. “You don’t have to be as stressed out. You don’t have to be that hovering parent chastising them for their innate curiosity. Just be willing to embrace a small amount of inconvenience for the child’s safety and the parent’s peace of mind.”

6. Relying on outdated childproofing information.

“At a pediatrician’s office, I saw a brochure warning parents to childproof their telephone cables,” Kerin says. “But really, who has telephone cables anymore? It’s not bad advice, but it shows that there’s a lot of irrelevant information out there.”
HealthyWay
Make sure that you’re taking your advice from a qualified childproofing resource (or better yet, several resources).
We’re not excluding our own publication from this rule, by the way. While we researched this piece thoroughly, we still recommend visiting the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services for an accurate, up-to-date childproofing checklist.
Not sure whether you’re doing something correctly? When in doubt, you can always call a professional. Kerin says that he’s always happy to answer parents’ questions, and organizations like the International Association for Child Safety exist solely for that purpose.

7. Trying to perfectly childproof an entire home.

In writing this piece, we’re not trying to scare parents into hiring professionals—and neither is Kerin, for that matter. We also can’t detail every single childproofing mistake, simply because the process differs for every household.
[pullquote align=”center”]”When your child is born, that’s one of the best times in a parent’s life. I want parents to enjoy it.”
—Peter Kerin[/pullquote]
The important takeaway is that childproofing is a big job that requires plenty of planning. There is, however, one crucial point to keep in mind: You don’t have to childproof everything.
“Parents, try to identify neutral areas,” Kerin says. “You don’t have to paint the whole home with the same brush.”
You can allow children to explore those neutral areas on their own, and if you’ve done your job, you’ll have peace of mind.
HealthyWay
“[Parents] will sometimes look at me and say, ‘I watch my child constantly,'” Kerin says. “My best response is, ‘No you don’t.’ And if you’re attempting that—as well-intended as that is, it’s misguided to think that that’s possible over the course of a child’s development. And it’d be stressful to try.”
The good news: When you’ve set up neutral areas properly, the hard work is done. It is, of course, quite a bit of work, but ultimately, you can relax.
“When your child is born, that’s one of the best times in a parent’s life,” Kerin says. “I want parents to enjoy it.”

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Motherhood

Barley, Bunnies, And Blue Lines: The History (And Future) Of Pregnancy Tests

Since starting my family, I’ve taken at least a dozen pregnancy tests. It’s always such a rush of emotions: a dose of excitement, a little fear, and lots of anticipation. My hands usually shake as I open the package, review the instructions, pee…and then wait.
Is there a new little life forming inside my womb? Will I see two lines or one? With the line be too faint to read? Am I testing too early? Do these dollar store pregnancy tests really work?
They do work, I can assure you, and I’m so happy my midwife encouraged me to stop spending more than necessary for at-home pregnancy tests!

In the 21st century, it’s easy to determine whether or not you’re pregnant. But just two generations ago, things weren’t as predictable. In the 1940s, when my grandmother was first expecting, there were no tests she could take at home. It took a visit to the doctor and lots of waiting to determine if there was a bun in the oven.
It wasn’t until 1976 that the first FDA approved at-home pregnancy test, called e.p.t., short for “Early Pregnancy Test” and later “Error Proof Test.” In 1977, it hit the market. “For your $10,” read a 1978 article in the magazine Mademoiselle, “you get pre-measured ingredients consisting of a vial of purified water, a test tube containing, among other things, sheep red blood cells…as well as a medicine dropper and clear plastic support for the test tube, with an angled mirror at the bottom.”

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e.p.t./Jezebel

That test took two hours to produce results. Considering my complaints about the two minutes I’ve had to wait for my own fate…well, let’s just say that I’m thrilled I didn’t start taking pregnancy tests until 2010!
Nonetheless, women immediately appreciated the convenience of at-home testing. “By 1978 home testing was a $40 million market,” The New York Times reports, and that number is expected to exceed $1 billion by 2020, said the co-inventor of Lia, “the first flushable, biodegradable home pregnancy test.” More on Lia later.
HealthyWay
Lia inventors Bethany Edwards (left) and Anna Simpson demonstrate the biodegradability of the new pregnancy test (TechCrunch via Philly.com)

Seeing that women have been suspecting pregnancy and having babies since the beginning of human history, there were plenty of other ways to confirm—or try to confirm—pregnancy before home testing became available. Some realistic, others…well, read on.

The First Urine Test

The Egyptians were the first to discover a somewhat accurate way to determine pregnancy around 1350 BCE, according to the NIH report.
It was similar to modern days tests in the fact that urine was tested, but in the Egyptians’ case, the wondering woman would urinate on a barley and wheat seeds over the course of a few days. If the seeds grew, she was expecting. If they did not, she was not.
HealthyWay
This theory was tested in 1963, and scientists found it to have a surprising level of accuracy when it came to pregnancy: 70 percent. “Scholars have identified this as perhaps the first test to detect a unique substance in the urine of pregnant women, and have speculated that elevated levels of estrogens in pregnant women’s urine may have been the key to its success,” wrote the National Institute of Health’s office of history.

French Persuasian

Jacques Guillemeau, a 16th century surgeon, believed that a woman’s eyes were the tip-off for pregnancy.

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The front page of Guillemeau’s “Child-birth; Or, The Happy Delivery of Women,” translated to English in 1639 (via ResearchGate)

In Child-birth; Or, The Happy Delivery of Women, he wrote that a pregnant woman’s eyes become deep-set with small pupils. They would also have droopy eyelids and swollen veins in the corners. Well, it turns out none of Guillemeau’s observations are indicative of a bun in the oven, though eyesight does often change during pregnancy.
HealthyWay
James Read Chadwick (Harvard University via Wikimedia Commons)

Jump ahead to the 19th century, and another French physician, James Read Chadwick, observed that a woman’s cervix, labia, and vagina would significantly darken or turn a blue color hue around the eighth week of pregnancy. This sign is accurate, but was an unlikely test due to the modesty of the times. Still, the method has been historically noted and today is often called the Chadwick’s sign.

A Hop and a Prayer

“When I started medical school, we literally had to wait for the rabbit to die to see if someone was pregnant,” recalled Mary Jane Minkin, MD, in a previous interview with HealthyWay.
Starting in the 1930s and lasting into the ’70s, a somewhat barbaric test was done where a woman’s urine was injected into the veins of a live, female rabbit. If the pregnancy hormone human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) was present in the urine, the rabbit would ovulate and confirm that the woman was pregnant.
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“Unfortunately, this method came at a tremendous cost to the rabbits—their lives!” wrote Jenny Lelwica Buttaccio for HealthyWay. “The rabbit’s ovaries couldn’t be seen without an autopsy or surgery to remove the ovaries; the latter was typically deemed a waste of effort.”
A similar test could be done with African clawed toad, but, since toads externally ovulate through spawning, the test didn’t cost them their lives. Rather, frogs were just observed to see if they would spawn within 24 hours of the injection.
 

To Wait, Or To Test

The most basic and non-invasive way to determine pregnancy has always been to pay attention to symptoms. Pregnancy symptoms peak early in the first trimester, so if exact conception dates are not known, other signs surely tell the tale.
Sunny Jun, MD of The Colorado Center of Reproductive Medicine San Francisco lists the following and signs that usually mean a baby is on board: missed period, swollen and tender breasts, increased fatigue, moodiness, nausea, food aversions or cravings, spotting, headaches, and light headedness.
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But those symptoms don’t always point to pregnancy. Hence, the interest in pregnancy tests: something more exact. Women have always craved answers about their bodies, then and most definitely now.
Now, when a woman browses the aisles of the drugstore, she has countless options of at-home pregnancy tests. They all, in effect, do the same thing: evaluate the concentration of the hCG. If taken in the proper window, the tests are 99 percent accurate, according to the Mayo Clinic.
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“A urine or blood pregnancy test is checking for the beta subunit of the [hCG] hormone,” says Jun. “The urine test can detect as early as several days prior to the two weeks after ovulation. If done too early, it may come back as falsely negative.” For optimal accuracy, the Mayo Clinic recommends women take at-home tests one day to one week after their missed period.
Blood tests are more accurate but require a visit to the doctor, whereas a urine test can be done at home…or in the bathroom of the store where the test was purchased, if time is of the essence!

What All Pregnancy Tests Have in Common

No matter the testing method—modern day or way back when—there are a number of commonalities when trying to find out if a woman is pregnant. First, is the analysis of urine. This is most common and most accurate, although as we’ve learned the accuracy wavered over time depending on the exact method.
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Second is the observation of physical changes. Accuracy varies greatly with this, but upon conception, a woman’s body begins to change inside and out. Eventually, whether through a test, calculated dates, or a growing belly bump, pregnancy becomes obvious.

What’s next?

It has been four decades since the at-home pregnancy test became available for regular consumers. Science and medical advances are made every day, and yet, for years, there have been no updates in the realm of pregnancy testing. Until now.

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Lia Diagnostics Inc. (via Today’s Parent)

In mid-2018, a new pregnancy test launches from Lia Diagnostics.
Lia, as the test is being called, is 99 percent accurate and encompasses the same science as the tests that currently line drugstore shelves. But there is one important difference: Lia is flushable and therefore “better for the environment and more discrete for women,” according to Jun.
Just like other at-home pregnancy tests, Lia assesses the level of hCG in a woman’s urine. Simply pee on the stick, lay it flat, and read the line(s) that appear. One line is negative, two lines, positive. Then, though, you can flush the test. That’s the game changer.
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All other pregnancy tests are plastic and must be thrown in the garbage. This is both bad for the environment and bad for the suspecting woman’s privacy. With a flushable test, not only can the test stay out of the landfill, the results can be kept private. A woman can choose to reveal her positive or negative test to whomever she chooses, whenever she chooses, without fear of the results being discovered in the waste bin.
From the days of watching wheat and barley seeds grow, to the discreet, flushable hCG-reading devices on the horizon, pregnancy tests span a huge portion of human history. They show how far science has come.
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In coming years, advancements will surely be made in the rate of accuracy in detecting early pregnancy. Currently, the most sensitive test reads with a 79 percent accuracy at six days before a woman’s missed period. Perhaps one day it will be even earlier with an even higher rate of accuracy.

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Healthy Pregnancy Motherhood

Family Planning: Do You Know What Factors Really Impact Your Chances Of Getting Pregnant?

When my husband and I decided we were ready to try for a baby, I made one discovery: I knew virtually nothing about how to increase my chances of getting pregnant. I mean, I knew how to get pregnant, of course, but that was it. I had some vague inklings about ovulation, but in truth, I had basically no idea that most of the month there was little chance of me getting pregnant. I was 34 years old, and up to that point, all I’d been taught was how not to get pregnant.
Many women are in the same boat—and whether you’re ready to try for a baby or just want to understand your body better, read on!

How do I get pregnant?

We’ve all been taught about the birds and the bees, but that knowledge turns out to be largely insufficient when you’re actually trying to get pregnant. When it comes to making a baby, timing is everything.
Women are born with anywhere between 1 and 2 million eggs (!), but only release 300 to 400 over the course of our lives, typically releasing just one each month starting when we have our first period. This is why it’s absolutely key to time intercourse if you’re trying to get pregnant.
“Eggs only live for 12 to 24 hours,” explains Steven Brenner, MD, a reproductive endocrinologist at Long Island In Vitro Fertilization. He goes on to share that sperm live for two to three days. If you time intercourse correctly, sperm may fertilize an egg on its way to the uterus. If the egg isn’t fertilized within 24 hours, though, it will simply dissolve, which renders your chances of getting pregnant very, very low.
The most important factor if you want to up your odds of conceiving? Getting to know your cycle. The average woman’s cycle is 28 days, but that’s an average. Cycles range from 28 to 32 days, but longer and shorter cycles are possible, too. (Some women go up to 35 or 40 days.) There are four main phases of your cycle:

The Follicular Stage, aka Your Period

This starts with the first day of bleeding. The body releases hormones like follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) that make the eggs in your ovaries mature. Between days two and 14 (on average), those hormones are thickening the inside of your uterus so it can make a cozy home for a fertilized egg. You have little chance of getting pregnant during this time.

Pre-Ovulation

Around day seven, you’ll see some signs that ovulation is on its way as your discharge becomes increasingly white and creamy. Since sperm can stay trapped in fertile vaginal mucus for two to three days (some even say up to five days), fertilization is possible, though not terribly likely. You should have sex now since you might ovulate early. It’s good to cast a wide net if you’re aiming to make a baby.

Ovulation

Sometime between day 11 and day 21—or approximately 14 days after the first day of bleeding—you are ovulating, which means that the egg that’s most ripe is released. For many women, this phase is easy to identify on a purely physiological level—the vaginal mucus becomes thin and stretchy (like egg whites). Some women even experience ovulation pain. The thick mucus helps the sperm make it to (and adhere to) the egg. This is when you should be having sex, at least once every two days for a week.
According to Kelly Smith, licensed acupuncturist, “This is when ovulation predictor kits can be helpful because you can have intercourse until that OPK is positive. …Once it is, you can basically do it once more that very moment and then give up because the ship has sailed.”

Post-Ovulation or Luteal Phase

This is when conception happens—or doesn’t. Your ovaries stop releasing eggs and your cervical mucus dries up. It can take up to six days for fertilized eggs to travel to the uterus. If the embryo implants in the uterus, progesterone levels will stay high and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels will rise. If it doesn’t, the egg disintegrates. If you aren’t pregnant, this phase lasts 14 to 16 days until your period starts up again. There’s little chance of getting pregnant.

How do I keep track of all this?

There are now a wide variety of convenient ways to track your fertility and get to know your ovulation cycle. You can go with a simple chart, websites, or apps. There are many factors to track—temperature, cervical mucus, even your cravings and moods!—but this depends entirely on how far down the rabbit hole you want to go. Brenner believes that if you’re under 30 and having regular periods, there is no need to get an app or an ovulation kit (he doesn’t think store-bought kits are particularly accurate or effective). The most bare bones approach to upping your chances of getting pregnant is to simply follow the schedule stated above and time sex accordingly.
There are additional systems to employ, but none of these are particularly foolproof, and some—like regularly checking your basal body temperature—have been proven largely ineffective. The one advantage to charting your temperature, however, is that it might help you discover that you’re not ovulating.
Smith shares that ovulation predictor kits, on the other hand, are useful only if you keep in mind that they typically tell you when you’ve already ovulated, not when you’re going to ovulate.

How can I increase my chances of getting pregnant?

Know thyself.

“Figure out when ovulation is taking place,” says Brenner. That’s the most important thing. You can have sex all you want, but if you’re not doing it when you’re ovulating, pregnancy is extremely unlikely to occur.
How do you do this? Get to know your cycle. Is it regular? Are the days of bleeding uniform from month to month? Most women know this. (And if you don’t, start tracking it.) If it’s uniform, there’s a good chance you’re ovulating, says Brenner. If it’s inconsistent, you might not be ovulating in each cycle, which is worth discussing with your doctor. Two great resources are Taking Charge of Your Fertility and Cycle Savvyboth by Toni Wechsler, MPH, a women’s health educator and public speaker.
But remember: Just because you don’t have a 28-day cycle doesn’t mean your cycle is inconsistent, it only means that you won’t bleed on the exact same day of every month.
Once you know your cycle, make sure you’re having sex at the right time. This can’t be overstated. Although you will probably ovulate between days 14 and 16, you want to have sex “at least every two days from day 11 and 12 on, for a week, because you might ovulate a little earlier or later,” according to Brenner, and it’s best to cast a wide net.

Be mindful of your weight.

This means in both directions—being either underweight or overweight can diminish your chances of conceiving.

Eat well.

According to a landmark Nurses’ Health Study, diet does contribute to a woman’s chances of getting pregnant. The primary directive is to eat a balanced, healthy, nourishing diet, but a few key takeaways include:

  • Avoiding trans fats and using more unsaturated vegetable oils in your diet
  • Drinking whole milk (skim can actually contribute to infertility!)
  • Taking a multi-vitamin that includes folic acid
  • Eating carbs that are rich in fiber (whole grains, vegetables, fruit, beans)
  • Eating plant proteins (tofu, nuts, beans)

That said: Don’t go crazy. “I treat people who are trying to get pregnant and cut out coffee, alcohol, sugar, and gluten,” Smith says. “But is that stressing you out? If you’re depleting yourself because of this, don’t do it.”

Get enough sleep.

This is vital for all women at any stage of their reproductive journey, but Smith always reminds her acupuncture patients who are trying to conceive how fundamental sleep is to so many basic biological functions. Adults should aim to get seven to nine hours of sleep each night.

Try acupuncture.

Fertility is really affected by stress, whether you’re having sex or being inseminated,” says Smith. “Acupuncture can lower stress levels, help with general wellness, boost immune function, and regulate cycles.” It can also help mitigate some of the side effects of fertility treatments—migraines, major bloating, irritability.
Although acupuncture might not up your odds of getting pregnant per se—it can’t increase your number of viable eggs, or make you magically fertile at 45—Smith explains that it can “bring blood and chi to the right place—the uterus—and increase endorphin levels for a while.”
In some ways, the most vital role acupuncture can play in a woman’s life is to make her slow down and take care of herself. “When people are trying to get pregnant and they’re also busy, busy, busy, this is just another thing they’ve added to their packed schedule. Simply lying down for an hour forces them to take the time to slow down a bit, which is good for the body.”

How soon should I start trying to conceive after stopping birth control?

There’s no reason to wait. But after you come off any kind of hormonal birth control, it takes two to three months before your periods are regular again, explains Brenner. So the real problem with trying to get pregnant right after calling it quits with your hormonal birth control is that you won’t have a clear sense of when your period is coming, meaning you can’t calculate when ovulation will occur. This only means that your chances of actually hitting the mark will be a little lower to begin with.
If your periods still aren’t regular after two to three months, there may be a problem. “Sometimes when you’ve been on the pill a long time, it masks a change that’s happened,” Brenner says. “The assumption is that it’s the pill, but it might have happened in conjunction with being on pill and isn’t related.” For example, hormonal birth control can mask the release of too much prolactin, or you could have developed polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) that went undetected while you were taking hormonal birth control.

Speaking of PCOS…

PCOS is a hormonal disorder that affects between 4 and 20 percent of women of reproductive age. It impacts the length and frequency of a woman’s period, her hormone levels, and the ability of her ovaries to release eggs. Although it is only one possible side effect of many, PCOS can (Can! Not will!) lead to infertility.
Although there’s no one test to confirm that a woman has PCOS, a doctor will do a thorough exam and take a comprehensive history—sometimes talking about issues and symptoms that date back to the beginning of puberty.
Basically, PCOS is a problem with the follicles, that is, the egg sac, not the eggs themselves, and the body’s ability to regulate the hormones that enable pregnancy to happen
In terms of fertility-forward treatments for PCOS, if your doctor detects a problem, she may prescribe Clomid or Letrozole to boost your follicle-stimulating hormones. In other words: Yes, you can get pregnant with PCOS, it just might take some additional help and time.

How do I know if there’s a problem?

“If you’re at or below 28 to 30 years old, most pregnancies occur within three to four cycles,” explains Brenner. “In a textbook you’ll read that ‘infertility’ is when you’ve been trying for a year with regular periods and there’s still no pregnancy. That doesn’t apply for a younger person because it should have happened before then.”
Someone over the age of 39, however, should not wait a year before seeing a doctor, he advises. If you have regular periods and have been trying to conceive for six months, it’s time for an evaluation. This doesn’t mean something is necessarily wrong, but time is not on your side and it’s best not to wait.
When a patient comes in for an evaluation, Brenner begins with non-invasive testing: He draws blood, performs a sonogram, and does a semen analysis if a male partner is part of the equation. If all of that looks normal, he makes sure a woman’s fallopian tubes are open.
Brenner also checks the quality of male partners’ sperm—is it absent or are there only a few sperm? If no sperm are coming out, are any being produced? (Sometimes sperm sits in the testes, not coming out in the ejaculate.) Smith concurs with Brenner when it comes to the importance of male testing—often all the stress and blame that piles up when a couple isn’t conceiving is put on the woman when it turns out to be a problem with their male partner’s reproductive health.

Is my age really an issue when it comes to my odds of conceiving?

Yes, yes, yes.
“Many women are not aware of the influence of age on fertility,” says Brenner. “It’s surprising how often I see somebody whose OB has said that if you’re having regular periods, everything is fine, but in fact things can change even if you’re having regular periods.” In other words, it’s impossible to circumnavigate biology and genetics.
Women are most fertile before age 25, but stay pretty fertile up to age 34 according to a Parents article featuring contributions from Alan Copperman, MD, the director of Reproductive Medicine Associates of New York. If you conceive after that, you’re considered to have what the medical community refers to a geriatric pregnancy. After 35, female fertility declines, with your chances of conceiving decreasing significantly every year and dwindling in your forties. The reason for this is that egg quantity and quality goes down as women age—so while someone might still have a lot of eggs, up to 90 percent of them are chromosomally abnormal in their forties according to Copperman.
“As an acupuncturist, the lion’s share of my patients were women who’d never had children and were in their forties and wanted to conceive,” Smith explains. “They’d been chasing their careers, and were now literally putting all their eggs in one basket and trying everything at the same time. That’s super stressful.”
Smith saw much of her job as educational. “I used to call it sex camp,” she jokes. She’d hand out charts and explain about timing intercourse, which alarmingly few women she worked with knew how to do.
And as for a second pregnancy in your forties? “Somebody who has had no problem getting pregnant in the past has a better chance of having no problem in future,” says Brenner, “but that’s all, of course, related to age.”
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Motherhood

A Rose By Any Other Name: What Parents Name Their Baby Matters

In 2008, a New Zealand couple made national headlines when a judge granted the court temporary custody of their 9-year-old daughter. The parents’ offense could possibly make this case one of the most unique tales of custody loss to date. Custody was granted to the court so that the nine year old could legally change her name from “Talula Does the Hula From Hawaii” to something a little more normal.
According to reports published by The Guardian in 2008, Rob Murfit, a family court judge, made the decision after learning of the child’s embarrassment. Apparently, she had taken to telling her school friends her name was “K” just to avoid revealing the truth. The reasoning behind the court’s decision was that strange names set children up for bullying, giving them a disadvantage in life. And Murfit accused the parents of poor judgement and putting the child in a position of social handicap.
Although losing custody might seem like a harsh consequence for giving a child a weird name, it’s important remember that what parents name their children matters. Of course, parents don’t need to be constrained to choosing from the top ten baby names of the year. They should, however, practice restraint when they begin to adventure into extremely unusual names and consider the potential consequences of their decision.
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“When choosing a name for their child, parents should consider how the child will feel bearing that name during childhood and in adulthood,” says Fran Walfish, PsyD, Beverly Hills family and relationship psychotherapist, author of The Self-Aware Parent. “Too often parents seem more preoccupied with their own name preferences.”
https://twitter.com/kait_nichols18/status/954077978169958405
“Talula Does the Hula From Hawaii” might be among the most outrageous names out there, but it definitely isn’t the only strange names parents have tried to get away with. In this case alone, the judge mentioned records of names like “Fish and Chips,” “Sex Fruit,” and “Keenan Got Lucy” as examples of some of the worst names parents had given their child. Take a look at a few more of the most unusual names out there.

The Strangest Baby Names Out There

In 1994, the Los Angeles Times reported on a couple from Japan who were in a legal battle with the Japanese government over what they had chosen to named their son. They had given him the name “Akuma,” which translates to “Devil” in Japanese. Although the family was initially allowed to legally give out this name, the Prime Minister’s cabinet eventually got involved. The family was ordered to select another name for the child, stating fears that the child would face bullying in the future.
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In New Zealand, naming a baby requires a stamp of approval from the government. After denying a multitude of strange and cruel names, they chose to release an official statement sharing all of the names that are strictly off limits: Lucifer, Messiah, 4Real, and even Anal made the list, according to CNN.
France is another country who has a history of putting strict regulations on baby naming. Until 1993, parents actually had to pick from list of names provided by the government. Although they relaxed the laws after 1993, parents still can’t get away with trying to use an exceptionally strange name. According to Huffington Post, parents have recently been turned down when trying to name their child “Nutella” and “Strawberry” in France.
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In Sweden, one couple chose a strange name for their child to make a point. Sweden has very strict naming laws and vetos names that don’t comply with those laws. This family decided to fight back, naming their child “Brfxxccxxmnpcccclllmmnprxvclmnckssqlbb11116” in protest, according to BBC. The Swedish government did not approve it.

The “Why” Behind Strange Names

When you hear stories of outlandish names, you can’t help but wonder what exactly was going through the parents’ heads at the time. It’s one thing to want to make a point, but giving your child a name that could become a source of humiliation for the child is another story entirely.
In general, it seems parents who are willing to let their child suffer because of their unusual name are driven by self-centeredness. In fact, Walfish believes parents who pick extreme names are downright narcissistic.


“Parents who name their kids really extreme names like ‘Talula Does the Hula From Hawaii’ have a piece of narcissism in their character organization,” she says. “People who are narcissistic, or have narcissistic traits, are missing the computer chip in their organized personalities to imagine the impact of their own behavior on others or empathize with others.”
Empathy is an important character trait for all human beings, but especially for parents charged with raising a child. Without empathy, many relationships are at risk of ruin. Feeling empathy is essential to returning the emotional needs of another person to make sure they feel understood, accepted, and validated, according to Walfish. And parents who aren’t able to empathize with their children are more likely to make foolish decisions without considering how it could harm their children.
https://twitter.com/madimae68/status/959150387499491328
Kerby Alvy, PsyD, clinical psychologist and author of Parenting Errors agreed, saying that many parents who choose unusual names for their children are more concerned about how that name with reflect back on them. They have certain thoughts about their own reputation or the reputation they would like to maintain, and naming their children is one more way to confirm that reputation.

How Strange Names Impact Childhood

“The name a child is given is a major shaper of one’s existence or one’s futures,” says Alvy. “There’s a history within certain cultures of naming kids with characteristics they want to see develop and actually work with their kids to develop those characteristics. So it’s not unusual in certain cultures that the name is actually given to try to bring out characteristics in their children.”
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This is one of many reasons Alvy believes what parents name their children matters. A name shapes what a child believes about themselves and often how they are perceived by others. What a child is named is a central part of their self-identification, according to Walfish.
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“Around age 3 to 4, every boy and girl needs to make a positive self-identification,” she explains. “If the child gets negative messages from his peers … and it makes the child feel self-conscious, it risks the child feeling a negative sense of self related to his or her name.”


And when it comes to incredibly strange names, they can become a source of shame for children. In schools, bullying is incredibly common. Kids with unusual names are prime targets for bullying, according to Alvy, and parents should consider this before they select a name for their child. Parents must realize that a strange name makes their child an easy target, and that they might be responsible for putting their kid in harm’s way.
https://twitter.com/sohollywood___/status/955250385119309824
“When parents want to be too creative and different, that’s when they can get into trouble,” adds Walfish. “It’s hard for a child to go through school and escape being bullied … Kids in school look for opportunities to tease and torment their peers. Having a name that’s unusual is a perfect opportunity for a mean kid to pounce on another.”

What Parents Need to Know About Naming Their Child

Naming a baby is hard. Multiple parents share with HealthyWay their own struggles to find the right fit for their child. One mom says she dislikes her daughter’s name, while another hates the nicknames friends and family have created for her son’s very traditional name. My husband loves to joke about being called “the baby” for several days after his birth while his parents debated about name choices. Some parents, like Amy, a mom of two, might find themselves hating the name they once believed was the perfect choice.
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“We had ‘Ariel Elizabeth’ planned for kid two,” she says. “After she was born, we tried it out at the hospital. No one could say it without puckering up their mouths.”
Another mom, Nikki, pushes back on the assertion that unusual names are always a bad choice. She shares that they chose “Beowulf” for their first child, despite criticism from family and friends and has never regretted the choice.
https://twitter.com/Knewbettersum/status/955226908064735234
Although most parents won’t try to get away with naming their child “Metallica,” all parents should carefully consider the name they are giving their child. A good place to start, according to Alvy, is an honest look at the motivation behind their naming choices. After identifying those motivations, he also suggests examining any possibilities for a specific name to put the child at risk of teasing, shame, or insecurity.
In some situations, parents who have made a naming choice they have come to regret might consider taking extreme measures to make amends: allowing their child to legally change their name.
https://twitter.com/Amaarah7/status/957921282682703872
“As long as you’re consulting honestly with your kids about their name, a child might very well say, ‘Oh, mommy, I have a lot of trouble with this. Kids are making fun of me,'” Alvy says. “I think that it’s a good idea to ask your child what he or she would prefer to be named.”
Ultimately, parents have to be willing to have honest conversations with their children, according to Alvy. They have to be willing to hear the criticism their child offers up about their parenting choices, be willing to apologize, and make the changes necessary to improve their child’s life.

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Motherhood

From Push To Pool: Birthing Techniques Pros And Cons

Giving birth is one of the hardest, most rewarding things I have ever done. I carried three babies and then welcomed them into the world. Each experience was wildly different: one induction, one short labor and delivery, and one long birth that stalled so many times I thought he’d never arrive.
At the same time, in the grand scheme of things, my births were all very simple. They were unique and special for me, but there was nothing extraordinary about them when compared to the huge spectrum of potential birth experiences. I had contractions, I got an epidural, and I pushed until my baby joined the world.
Birth is an experience that is different from mom to mom. It’s completely natural and typically follows the same pattern of events, but it can also be unpredictable and unexpected. For new moms, or moms who simply want a different experience from their last, there are seemingly endless birthing decisions to make. Will you have your baby in a hospital or at home? Will you get an epidural or use other methods to manage the pain? Here are the options.

Getting Things Started

Unless you are scheduled for a cesarean section, your body has to go into labor before you can actually give birth. Modern moms are offered the option to wait for spontaneous labor or have their labor induced, typically through the use of a drug called Pitocin.
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When it comes to getting things started, there are many benefits to letting nature take its course. It is generally accepted that spontaneous labor is associated with a lower risk of intervention, specifically decreasing the risk of needing a c-section or an epidural, as documented in a study published in The Journal of Reproductive Medicine. Elective induction, meaning induction without a clear medical need for it, is found to increase the risk of needing a c-section, having an epidural, and causing concerning heart rate changes in the unborn child.
At the same time, benefits of induction do exist for mothers who are over 41 weeks gestation. For these moms, who have carried longer than typical pregnancies, elective induction actually reduces the risk of a c-section compared to moms who wait for spontaneous labor past 41 weeks, according to a medical data compiled by Stanford-UCSF Evidence-Based Practice Center.
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Of course, there are also cases when induction is no longer considered elective because the mom or baby’s condition requires an early delivery. In some cases, such a placenta previa, a scheduled c-section is required to protect the baby and the mother’s help, according to James Betoni, a leading high risk maternal fetal medicine OB-GYN Boise, Idaho.

Does environment matter?

We’ve covered the question of when a mom gives birth, but what about where? Moms can choose between a hospital birth, home birth, or birthing center. Although the popularity of home births has increased over the last decade and a half, most mothers still plan to have their babies in the hospital. Home births accounted for .89 percent of all births in 2012, the last year the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention collected data on this subject, and .39 percent of moms chose a birthing center.
It’s difficult to compare the benefits of in-hospital and out-of-hospital births. For instance, a 2015 study published in The New England Journal of Medicine did find differences existed between in-hospital and out-of-hospital births, but they were not only insignificant, the study also noted that negative outcomes of births were very low in both situations. More specifically, fetal death was more likely in an out-of-hospital births, but only slightly, and the difference was not enough to be considered statistically significant. One thing worth noting was that obstetrical intervention, specifically c-sections, were more likely in planned hospital births than in planned home births.
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Even so, the choice to deliver a baby at home or in a birthing center is a controversial one. Although the United Kingdom has taken an official stance on the subject, encouraging low-risk mothers to consider home births, the United States is more resistant to the idea.
“For low risk women who are properly screened, home birth is a safe option,” says Christina M. Kocis, certified nurse midwife and doctor of nursing practice, director of the Division of Midwifery at Stony Brook University Hospital. “I think we don’t have an infrastructure or a system here that supports that as they do in the UK.”
HealthyWay
She also notes that because the UK supports home births, these births tend to be attended by certified midwives who are actually part of the national healthcare system; this isn’t the case in the United States. Of course, it is possible to find properly trained and licensed midwives in the United States, but mothers should be aware that there are lay midwives practicing here and ensure that their home birth team has received proper licensure.
In addition to the choice between hospital, home, and birthing center, there is the choice of water birth or giving birth in bed. Unfortunately, there is not a lot of research available on potential negative outcomes associated with these two choices. One study, published in 2016 in The Journal of Midwifery and Women’s Health, found no risks for babies associated with their mother choosing a water birth but noted that moms might be at an increased risk for genital tract trauma.
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Of course, risk factors aren’t the only thing worth considering. For moms who are looking for alternative pain management options, a water birth might be an appropriate choice since it is believed to offer the benefits of added comfort and helping to calm the mother, according to the American Pregnancy Association.

Drug-Free or Pain-Free?

The next choice moms have to make might be among the most debated of birthing choices. Should mom get an epidural, or should she opt for a birth free of pain medication?
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There are some downsides to electing to have an epidural, according to a study published in Obstetrics and Gynecology International. Research suggests that having an epidural is associated with a slower second stage of labor which may increase the likelihood of c-section. And mothers who have an epidural are at an increased risk of an assisted delivery, meaning medical instruments are used during the delivery to remove the baby from the birth canal.
HealthyWay
There are no risks associated with giving birth without pain medication, however, as Kocis points out, physiological effects are not the only thing to consider in this decision.
“There may be patients who need pain medication who, as a result of using pain medication, may … have a birth that, in retrospect, was either calmer or, in their opinion, may be less traumatic for some women,” she explains. “But the same can hold true for women who get the medication.”
This choice is one that is difficult to generalize, according to Kocis, and that seems to be true based on what moms who have experienced either an epidural or a drug-free birth share with HealthyWay.
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“The whole experience was fantastic. I was fortunate to have a quick labor, but I really appreciated being in control of my body,” shares Betsy Larson, a mom of one who opted out of an epidural for her planned hospital birth. “I wasn’t confined like I was concerned I would be with an epidural.”
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In comparison, Erin Heger, a mom of one who also had a planned hospital birth without an epidural, says that the advantage of being in control and having the support of her doula was great, but it wasn’t worth the pain and exhaustion she experienced.
“I will not be doing it again,” she says of her drug-free birth.

Laboring Techniques

An epidural isn’t the only method for managing pain during labor. When it comes to laboring techniques, HypnoBirth and the Bradley Method seem to be the most popular among today’s moms. Much of want is known about the benefits of these laboring techniques is anecdotal, according to a comparison of the two written in The Journal of Perinatal Education.
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However, this research does make it clear that each of these methods holds benefits for moms with specific desires and circumstances. HypnoBirth, for instance, is heavily focused on pain management through self-hypnosis, making it a great option for women committed to managing their pain themselves or who are without a supportive partner.
HealthyWay
In comparison, the Bradley Method is all about the partner, teaching the significant other to be the laboring mother’s coach through the labor and delivery. Each of these methods can be incredibly helpful to laboring moms, according to Kocis, but much of the success is dependent on the mother (and her partner) and their ability to commit to really learning the practices of the technique.
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Ultimately, when it comes to making choices about how and where a mom will labor, the choice is all about her specific medical needs and her preferences. What one mom wants or needs may be vastly different from another mom’s hope for her birth, and it is important to spend time reflecting on that before making a decision. Most importantly, moms should be sure they are educated so they can make good choices for themselves and their baby.


“There is no one answer,” explains Betoni. “Every patient is different and every story is different. When there is an option, as long as the patients are educated, the mom should have a say.”

Categories
Motherhood

The Weekly Tea: How To Prioritize Self-Care As A Mom


Check out the first episode of The Weekly Tea, HealthyWay’s women-first talk show for moms. Researched but relatable, the ladies of HealthyWay and their partners in wellness discuss the latest in motherhood.
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Categories
Motherhood

Parents Reveal What They Regret Most About Raising Their Children

I wish I was one of those people who could let things go.
Some things, I can. Like how my car seems to pile up with coats, books, and ten sippy cups. Other things, I cannot. Like how I don’t craft with my kids enough, especially my super artistic daughter. Or how I turn to the television as a babysitter more days than not. Or raise my voice over a glass of spilled milk (literally, it happened this week).
At night, when my precious children are tucked into bed, I sneak into their rooms and often whisper, “Mama is sorry, I’m trying, I love you so very much.” I’ll kiss them, tuck their covers, and tiptoe out, promising that tomorrow will be better. I’ll be better.
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“When we feel guilt, it is a signal that we are making a choice that is not aligned with who we want to be in the world.”
—Alexandra Solomon, PhD[/pullquote]
In many ways, I am a wonderful mother. But it’s those nagging regrets that I mull over at night. As much as I detest the weight of that guilt, part of me is happy for my parenting regrets. Wyatt Fisher, PsyD, a licensed psychologist, says, “ … having some guilt is a sign of being an effective, conscientious parent because you’re reflecting on how you’ve done and where you could have improved.”
Regrets push me to become a better parent, show my kids that mistakes are okay, and most importantly, teach them how to resolve their own regrets by modeling the path I take with my own. That’s what I’m thankful for: the teaching opportunity that regrets provide.
I think most moms and dads would concur that our parenting regrets are bountiful. But through them, we adapt and grow. “Strange as it may sound, guilt can actually be a helpful emotion when we relate to our guilt in a healthy manner,” says Alexandra Solomon, PhD, a practicing clinical psychologist and Northwestern University professor. “When we feel guilt, it is a signal that we are making a choice that is not aligned with who we want to be in the world. … We can use guilt as a motivation to course-correct.”
So, what regrets do parents have most of all when evaluating their parenting? I’m sure you can agree, regrets range from simple and light-hearted to serious game-changers. A few parents are baring it all with the regrets they’ve experienced, and their transparency is no doubt an opportunity for us to all learn.

Letting Screens Rule

Jody Fritz, a mom of two grown children, says, “I have very few regrets, but two nag me. I wished I’d significantly limited screen time and increased the amount of family responsibility through chores and yard work.”
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This really resonates with me. Fewer screens, more outside time and training for real life. After all, we only have 18 years to make sure our kids are ready for adulthood. Television, iPads, and the like don’t do much in the way of preparing kids for the responsibilities to come. Shadowing us through daily life and then adopting some of our responsibilities as their own do.
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Resolving this regret begins with, you guessed it, y-o-u. Fisher says, “… if you regret not setting better boundaries for [your kids] with technology … be sure to model healthy boundaries now with technology because actions speak louder than words.” Phones down, mom and dad—it starts with us.

Going Too Fast

It’s common these days to hear about being present—the whole “stop and smell the roses” mentality. It’s easy to say, much harder to practice. Life is fast. Our to-do lists are long. Day in and day out, our kids need us hundreds of times, and parents are run ragged trying to keep up. It’s hard to slow down and just enjoy the little things.
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Lori Heller, a mom of three, says her biggest parenting regret is not “slowing down more [and] enjoying the everyday moment.” She continues: “I’m realizing how fast it goes by. My kids are growing so fast, I feel like I missed so much by trying to be the perfect mom.” And even the “perfect moms” (the ones we see while scrolling through social media) make mistakes. Promise.
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Heller isn’t the only one with this regret. Melissa Swofford, a mom of five, shares, “Life is so busy and chaotic so much of the time—I have to stop and remind myself that I won’t get these moments back. So what if our sink is overflowing with dishes? Stop for that one second to take in what ever ‘the moment’ may entail.”

Being a Worrywart

So many parents shared that they regret allowing worry to consume them. From babies’ milestones to coughing fits to school choices to grades, worry is a natural part of parenting. But the goal is to push that worry to the backseat.
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“Choose to be led by love instead,” Tesse Struve, founder of Millennial Mom Coaching says. “When you lead with love and choose your actions from a place of love instead of fear, you will start to feel better about your choices and actions around your family.”

Prioritizing the Wrong Things

Most parents would say that their family is their number one priority, the driving force behind all they do. But do our actions really line up with our words? Not always. Daniel Reeser, a dad of two, provides a great example of what aligning our priorities really looks like. He says that he regrets “not taking enough time off work (even though I had extra time to take) after my first child was born to support mom at home more.”
The good news is that baby number two followed, and Reeser made a change: “[With my] second, I took more time off work than mom did, and it was great!”
HealthyWay
Gayla Duerr, a mom of four grown children, says that when she reflects back on raising her children, she “would opt for much less time sitting in bleachers and more time serving together as a family.” Sports are such a part of our culture that it’s hard to say no, especially when our kids participate alongside their friends. But I think Duerr relays an important idea. Are we trying to raise athletes or people who are ready and willing to give back to their community? Where we devote our time speaks volumes.

Not Taking Care of Myself

Heidi Duncan, a mom of one, points to the earliest days of her parenting when thinking about her regrets. “[I regret] that I didn’t address my postpartum depression earlier. It sucked the life and joy out of early motherhood.”
HealthyWay
Duncan isn’t alone: More than 600,000 women suffer from postpartum depression every year. Self-care doesn’t stop at postpartum though. Parents can’t pour from an empty cup, and as I always say, a well taken care of mom is able to take care of her family well.

Giving Social Media Power

We live in a digital age, and social media isn’t something that can be 100 percent avoided. Many parents regret how social media affects them, and Jamie Durham, a mom of four, says that she most regrets “allowing social media to dictate how I raise my kids … I felt condemned that no matter what I chose to do, I was doing it wrong according to someone.”
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Durham says that since identifying this, she has worked to set boundaries and focus more on knowing her own family, “[which] turns out to be the best way of knowing what they need. No article or blog post can teach me that!”


Mark Sharp, PhD, a licensed clinical psychologist, sees all too often how the influx of information affects parents. He says, “I would encourage parents to make sure they are forming their own values and acting from them rather than listening too much to the myriad of messages out there telling them how to be a good parent. Our culture is quick to judge parents, but the most important things are simple: love your kids, value them, let them know those things, and then do the best you can.”
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Struve affirms the steps Durham took to overcome her regret: “The first step to handling any guilt or regret over a parenting choice is to identify what you are feeling and why.” That’s exactly what Durham did. And now she balances a little social media with a lot of family knowledge.

Say goodbye to regret.

Solomon says the first step in moving past regret and the shame associated with it is to say it out loud: “Shame grows in silence, so one step toward shifting out of a place of shame is giving it voice—to your partner, to your therapist, to your trusted friend. Receiving some empathy from someone you trust can break the shame and help you move into a place of committing to making different choices.”
HealthyWay
If you’re holding on to some deep-seated regret within your parent/child relationship, make plans to get it off your chest. That momentum will empower you to revisit your values, apologize if needed, and move into a better place.
Struve recommends putting a positive spin on regret, “… sit down and write down all of the wonderful things you have done right as a parent. When you start focusing on the positive, then you can release the regret and the guilt, and move your family into a space of joy and fulfillment.”
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“There’s no such thing as a perfect parent, so each parent’s journey is to figure out how to be good enough.”
—Alexandra Solomon, PhD
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And who doesn’t want more of that? This might even be an opportunity to get the kids involved. More than anyone, they’ll be able to identify what you’re doing well. According to my son, I’m “the best snuggler ever,” and my daughter told me that I’m “really good at planning fun things.” It warmed my heart to hear, and now, during my night time rounds, I’m choosing to focus more on the positive highlights of our day rather than dwelling on my missteps.
Solomon notes: “If you are beating yourself up about mistake and regrets, you are actually keeping yourself stuck. Shifting to more positive self-talk will help you find the strength you need to practice the kind of parenting you want to practice.”
So, say it with me: “I’m a really awesome parent!” Say it loud and proud because you are. You have an amazing heart brimming with love and devotion for your children. If you didn’t, you wouldn’t be evaluating your regrets and striving to grow as a parent. Solomon shares a final bit of encouragement: “Parenting stirs up every single old wound, trauma, insecurity, and fear that we have. Every. Single. One. Every parent needs to do the difficult and courageous work of figuring out what it means to be a ‘good enough parent.’ There’s no such thing as a perfect parent, so each parent’s journey is to figure out how to be good enough. Stay committed to doing your emotional work as a parent…for your sake and for your kids’ sake!”