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6 Healthy Habits With Huge Downsides Nobody Talks About

There’s nothing wrong with trying to be healthy, but what if the steps you’re taking aren’t doing anything? Some of today’s most popular health trends may not be worth it after all.

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Forming a new habit can be difficult, especially when it’s one related to your health and wellness. No matter what you do, there’s no denying that junk food is still delicious despite how much we hear about its crappy ingredients, and that exercise still takes time and energy we don’t want to spend no matter how satisfying it can feel. However, there are few things that can make us feel more proud of ourselves than taking consistent steps toward better health—but are we really, though?

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Whether a longstanding recommendation or a new trend that’s sweeping offices and gyms across the world, there are many health-related things we encounter every day that, as it turns out, really aren’t worth all the hype.

Eating Healthier

We can hear you screaming at your computer screen now, wondering out loud how we could dare say that putting a piece of kale in your mouth is somehow wrong. We promise we’re not saying that exactly, but hear us out on this one.

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It’s a goal of pretty much every human being out there to eat healthier on a daily basis, regardless of what “healthier” happens to mean to them—for some people it’s becoming a vegan, while others just make the switch from drinking five sodas a day to only three.

At some point, however, making the switch to eating healthier can take a dangerous and very much unhealthy turn. An obsessive desire to eat only foods that are healthy is known as orthorexia nervosa, a condition that has been categorized as an eating disorder right alongside things like bulimia and anorexia nervosa.

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Those who have it might spend 30 minutes figuring out what to order at a restaurant, only to eat nothing because they couldn’t verify that every ingredient used was organic. Or maybe it’s that they don’t take a handful of almonds because they weren’t first soaked overnight before being served.

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Left untreated long enough, the condition can eventually cause nutritional deficiencies that can lead to even more serious health problems. Unfortunately, it’s a disorder that’s only becoming more common and sometimes even validated—some people are of the opinion that starving yourself to be thin is bad, but not eating because you don’t know the name of the cow your burger came from is somehow the picture of health. Do yourself a favor and don’t go overboard.

Using Fitness Trackers

By now, you might think that we’re just trying to take away everything you love—first your healthy diet and now your beloved Fitbit. Again, we’re not saying anything is inherently wrong with trying to keep track of your steps or fitness levels, but there are some unexpected downsides.

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First of all, if you’ve been using your tracker to keep tabs on things like your heart rate, you should know that they have a tendency to be inaccurate. One study showed that they can calculate your heart rate incorrectly by up to 20 beats each minute, and that the miscalculation got even worse the harder someone exercised, which is probably when most people who use the feature care about it most.

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For someone who absolutely needs to know their heart rate during exercise because of a heart condition, this kind of inaccuracy can also just be plain dangerous.

Not only that but, while studies do show that fitness trackers can help people exercise more, it often does so in a way that’s similar to a parent telling their child they can only have dessert after eating their carrots. Fitness trackers can eventually make exercise feel like even more of a chore than it sometimes does, and they might not even really help you get or stay fit!

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One study kept track of 470 teenagers as they followed an exercise regimen and lower-calorie diet. Half of them kept track of their exercise on their own, while the other half used fitness trackers to get the job done for them. Believe it or not, the group that did it by hand actually lost more weight.

Flossing

Be prepared to run into your dentist’s office to gloat, because it’s been determined there is no scientific evidence that flossing is as great as they say it is. Go ahead, let all the times they judged you for your bleeding gums just roll right off your back.

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Despite evidence that suggests flossing can help with plaque, cavities, and gum disease, that evidence is also considered to be “very unreliable,” “weak,” and “very low,” as well as being open to, “a moderate to large potential for bias.”

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You probably won’t be surprised to hear that most studies that tout the benefits of flossing are often funded by floss-making companies, and they’re not even that thorough—one apparently made its pro-flossing conclusions after its subjects flossed just a single time.

Cutting Out Salt

We’ve all heard before that Americans eat way too much salt—in fact, according to the American Heart Association, the average person consumes around 3.4 grams of it day, when the recommended limit is a mere 1.5 grams.

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There’s no doubt that most people could stand to cut some of their daily salt intake out of their diets—after all, too much can increase your risk for things like high blood pressure and heart disease—but cutting out some doesn’t mean cutting out all.

Believe it or not, your body does actually need salt, and research shows that the recommendation from the American Heart Association may actually be too low. One study monitored around 100,000 people and paid special attention to the amount of salt they consumed—the group who ended up being least likely to suffer from heart problems was the group that consumed between three and six grams of sodium each day.

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Additionally, another study done in 2011 found that participants with high blood pressure were more likely to have a heart attack or stroke when they consumed over seven grams of salt each day, but also when they consumed less than three grams. When you consider the American Heart Association’s recommendation of 1.5 grams, it seems that it could put people at risk more than it helps.

Working at Standing Desks

It’s one of the latest trends in innovative offices everywhere: a desk that requires you to stand so you’re forced off your butt during the day. It makes sense—you can avoid slouching over, pinching your nerves all day, and just generally feeling like a lazy blob by making sure you’re keeping yourself somewhat active during the work day.

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However, standing while at work isn’t enough to negate all of the things you choose to do outside of the office.

Scientists went over health data for around 5,000 people from the past 15 years, and they found that sitting doesn’t play as big of a role in our health as we think. It’s being stationary in general that isn’t good for us, and it doesn’t matter where we do it.

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Basically, if you think that standing during works means you’ve essentially worked out during the day and can veg out in front of the TV all night when you get home, you’ve got another think coming. We’re not saying that your standing desk is totally useless, but you still need to get in an actual workout every now and then, too.

Taking Vitamins

Many people start their day off with a multivitamin as way for them to guarantee that they’re getting all the nutrients they need no matter what they eat. However, what most people might not know is that certain vitamins can build up in our bodies and lead to a number of issues.

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When it comes to vitamins and nutrients, there are two main categories-water soluble and fat soluble. It’s actually good to consume water-soluble nutrients like vitamin C and vitamin B12 daily because your body will just excrete the extra in your urine.

However, fat-soluble vitamins like vitamin A and vitamin E can actually build up within your body’s fat cells and lead to vitamin toxicity. That does sound more severe than it can be—for most nutrients, an “overdose” won’t cause many noticeable symptoms, but can increase your risk for certain conditions over time.

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That said, it’s still recommended that you try to get all of your nutrients from real food, and take supplements only for things you truly need more of.

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10 Common Product Combinations You Should Never, Ever Mix

It is terrifying how many potentially disastrous products you have underneath your kitchen sink right now.

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Or maybe you keep them in a pantry or a janitorial closet, but you see what we’re getting at. Totally innocent, common household products can combine with other totally innocent, common household products to become weapons that are probably banned by the Geneva Conventions.
Chemistry doesn’t care that you need to clean your toilet; it’ll still go through with the reaction that transforms everyday cleaning sprays into toxic gasses.
Health experts warn us to always read the labels on new cleaning products. Just because something isn’t labeled “one-half of poison gas” doesn’t mean that it’s free of chemicals that could very easily turn into poison gas.
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Study this list carefully, and if you plan to scrub the toilet, keep a close eye on the products you’re using. In fact, why even scrub the toilet in the first place? It’s fine.

1. Vinegar and Hydrogen Peroxide

There are some nice cleaning hacks out there that call for a quick scrub with white or apple cider vinegar followed by a spritzing of hydrogen peroxide. Those actually work. They’re great for disinfecting sensitive surfaces like cutting boards and even fruits and vegetables.
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Whatever you do, though, don’t try to speed things up by mixing both household products together in a single container. When combined, vinegar and hydrogen peroxide form the very corrosive peracetic acid. It’s not the kind of acid that will eat through multiple decks of your space ship, but it can cause plenty of damage without getting into Alien territory.
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That stuff won’t stop at just disinfecting your kitchen counter. It’ll also irritate your skin, eyes, and lungs. Too much can cause permanent lung damage. By all means, harness the disinfectant power of hydrogen peroxide and vinegar in combination. Just always keep them in separate containers.

2. Bleach and Ammonia

This may be the highest-profile of all the cleaning no-nos, but people still manage to kill themselves by mixing these ingredients together. It bears repeating: Never mix ammonia and bleach together, not even if your toilet looks like a Jackson Pollock.
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The mixture reacts to produce chloramine gas, which is highly toxic. Also, it’s gas. That’s not something you want to go around inhaling.

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Carefully check labels before using multiple cleaning products; you might be surprised at those that list ammonia as an ingredient.

3. Vinegar and Bleach

If you take anything away from this article, let it be this: Just don’t mix bleach with anything, except maybe water.

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When you add vinegar to bleach, the chemical reaction turns the mixture into chlorine gas. This caustic substance will burn you wherever it lands, whether that’s your skin, your eyes, or, worst of all, your respiratory system. Let’s keep the bleach solo, okay?

4. Bleach and Rubbing Alcohol

We weren’t kidding. Bleach doesn’t play well with others.
Mix bleach and rubbing alcohol together and you’ll end up with a big pool of chloroform, which can wreak havoc on your nervous system. It will also irritate any part of you it comes in contact with.

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Oh, and to add insult to injury, bleach and rubbing alcohol also produce hydrochloric acid when they get together. The only thing that you should mix with bleach is water.

5. Multiple Brands of Batteries

When just one of the batteries in your remote control goes dead, it’s tempting to grab the nearest AAA and get back to watching the tube. Don’t give in if you have multiple battery brands lying around the house.

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Despite working similarly, different brands of batteries have subtle differences in their chemical composition. Their voltages might not line up precisely. Mixing brands often leads to leaky batteries, and battery acid isn’t something you want at the heart of your most precious electronics.

6. Different Brands of Drain Cleaners

Say you’ve got a clogged drain and just a bit of one type of drain cleaner and a full bottle of another. The last thing you want to do is blend them.
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A drain cleaner is strong stuff. It has to be to dissolve all the gunk that accumulates in drains and eventually causes a clog.
Carolyn Forte is the director of the Cleaning Lab at the Good Housekeeping Institute, and she told the magazine Good Housekeeping that mixing multiple brands of drain cleaners is a terrible mistake.
“I would never recommend mixing two different drain cleaners or even using one right after the other,” she said (their emphasis). “These are powerful formulas, and could even explode if combined.”

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Imagine explaining to your plumber that you accidentally blew up your pipes. That’s going to be an expensive fix. So read the directions on your drain cleaner bottle, and follow them exactly.

7. Milk and Red Bull

Unfortunately, this mixture is most likely to happen in your stomach. We can’t think of a reason to mix Red Bull and milk anywhere else.
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If you’ve just enjoyed a nice, frosty glass of milk and you start to get sleepy, don’t reach for the Red Bull to perk up. Coffee is probably a better bet.
That’s because Red Bull instantly curdles milk like it was a witch in a bad fairy tale. The energy drink is pretty acidic, and milk proteins react with acids to form a salt. Then the casein, a particular protein found in mammal milk, clumps together in big gross lumps. (That’s a long way of saying that the milk curdles.)

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You’re not going to make any poison gas or cause an explosion, but you might cause an unfortunate episode of explosive vomiting. No burst of energy is worth that, trust us.

8. Grapefruit Juice and Medicine

While we’re on the subject of household stuff you shouldn’t mix in the beaker of your belly, let’s add grapefruit juice and medication to the list.
But grapefruit is just a giant bitter orange, right? How could that change the way pharmaceuticals work?

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Incredibly, grapefruit juice contains chemical compounds that interrupt the enzymes responsible for breaking down certain chemicals found in drugs. That means the substances are present in your system longer than their manufacturers intended. This can increase the overall level of the substance in your blood.
In a worst-case scenario, so much of the substance can stick around that you end up overdosing on a typical dose. (Just to keep things confusing, in some cases grapefruit can keep your body from absorbing what it needs to from a medication, thus making the drug less effective.)
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Who knew this healthy breakfast could be so dangerous? If grapefruit is a regular part of your diet, be sure to talk to your doctor before taking any new prescription. They’ll be able to tell you if your medication will be affected by a giant pink orange.

9. Milk and Antibiotics

Grapefruit juice isn’t the only morning beverage that can mess with your medication. It turns out that milk can also interfere with your antibiotic regimen.
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Substances in dairy products bind to certain antibiotics, preventing them from being absorbed in your body. That can ruin their effectiveness. Ask your doctor about dairy products whenever you get a prescription for antibiotics.

10. Vinegar and Baking Soda

The internet is full of cleaning hacks that involve the combination of baking soda and vinegar. This mixture won’t cause poison gas or an explosion (unless you seal it in a bottle), but there is a very good reason that you should avoid it: It doesn’t really help clean anything.
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Vinegar is acidic, and baking soda is a base. Mix them together and what do you get? Neutralization! The result of this chemical reaction is mostly just water, which is easier to get out of the tap.
Do yourself a favor and save your vinegar/baking soda for making model volcanoes erupt at the elementary school science fair.

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8 Gross Everyday Habits You Have to Stop Doing In Public

Generally, we’re not afraid of germs.

However, when we’re out in public, we can’t help but notice people with disgusting habits—habits that could easily make them (and other people!) sick, given the right set of circumstances.

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Habits are hard to break, but some clearly warrant making the effort to quit. We’re talking about stuff like..

1. Trimming Your Nails

You’re waiting for your train stop, and you’ve got a few spare seconds. You pull out some clippers and try to discreetly trim your fingernails. What’s the harm?

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Well, our fingernails are pretty disgusting. The nail’s basically holding in hordes of germs. One 1988 study described the space right under the fingernails as an “important site” for harboring bacteria, so if you’re cutting far enough, you might actually be releasing infectious agents in the world.

Oh, and your clippings are going everywhere. Nobody wants to get hit by flying bits of disease-ridden keratin.

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While we’re at it, don’t bite your nails, either. That’s basically injecting your mouth with a big dose of bacteria.

2. Painting Your Nails

Okay, well, you won’t trim your nails; you’ll just paint them.

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Obviously, that’s more obnoxious to the people around you. Nail polish fumes probably aren’t great for the human body; the New York Times reports that “of the 20 common nail product ingredients listed as causing health problems in the appendix of a safety brochure put out by the Environmental Protection Agency, 17 are hazardous to the respiratory tract, according to the agency.”

The same report notes that overexposure can cause “burning throat or lungs,” along with “labored breathing.” Granted, that’s mainly an issue for health care workers, but even limited exposure to nail polish fumes can be dangerous for people with respiratory conditions.

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Some of the chemicals in nail polish can also leach into your body, according to HuffPost, so that’s another reason to avoid certain polishes. A 2015 study found that one of the chemicals commonly found in nail polishes can affect hormones in zebra fish—so if you’re a zebra fish, you definitely want to avoid nail polish.

3. Eating While You’re at Your Desk

Here’s the main issue with eating at your desk: You’ll probably touch your keyboard in between bites. Your keyboard is pretty disgusting.

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One study found that computer keyboards contained more bacteria than an average toilet seat. Although we’re not sure how the researchers chose an “average” toilet seat, the results were pretty alarming. Toilets contained about 5,400 bacteria per swab, whereas keyboards contained around 7,500 per swab.

And some of the bacteria on the keyboards were of species commonly found in the human digestive tract, including E. coli. Go ahead and ponder that for a minute before taking the next bite of your sandwich.

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Of course, you can clean your keyboard by lightly swabbing it with isopropyl alcohol, and you can use compressed air to clean between the keys. Let’s be honest, though, you’re not going to do any of that. Instead, don’t eat in front of your computer—unless you’re pairing your meal with a nice course of antibiotics.

4. Making, Ahem, “Adjustments”

You think that nobody’s watching, so you quickly adjust your underwear. Hey, it needed to be done.

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That’s fine, provided that you didn’t make a big deal of it—but make sure you wash your hands. Your underwear are relatively filthy, since they’re in frequent contact with sweatier parts of your body, and that sweat tends to feed bacteria on your epidermis. Hey, science can be disgusting sometimes.

Of course, your outerwear might also harbor bacteria. One study found that typical laundry temperatures aren’t sufficient to kill E. coli, staphylococcus, and other potentially dangerous bacteria.

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“If you wash a load of just underwear, there will be about 100 million E. coli in the wash water, and they can be transmitted to the next load of laundry,” said Charles Gerba, professor of microbiology at the University of Arizona.

Detergents don’t really help, either, but bleach (or very hot water) can help to sanitize your laundry.

5. Brushing Your Hair

Your hair can be home to staph bacteria, although the minute amounts on a typical strand of hair won’t be enough to pose a serious health risk. The more important reason to avoid brushing your hair in public: It’s rude. You’ll end up showering nearby strangers with loose hair and dandruff, and even if you think that your hair is gorgeous, it’s not so alluring to strangers who are sitting behind you on the subway.

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Guys, you’re guilty of this, too; fiddling with your beard is somewhat gross, as beards are covered in bacteria. One study from a local news station showed that some beards contain more bacteria than the average toilet, although again, we’re confused as to where this “average” toilet concept came from. In any case, fiddling with your beard is bad form, especially if you’re in a conversation with someone.

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But even though loose hair can be disgusting, it’s worth noting that many of us eat a bit every day. Some food manufacturers boil hair in hydrochloric acid in order to extract L-cysteine, a common food additive used in bread-making.

6. Putting Your Purse or Bag on the Dinner Table

You arrive for a lunch date and put your purse on the table. That’s a major faux pas, since your purse (or handbag) probably rested on the ground several times on the way to the restaurant.

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In a study helpfully titled “A study to investigate the importance of purses as fomites,” Susheela D. Biranjia-Hurdoyal and colleagues noted that “Purses hardly get washed and are discarded, mostly, when they are no longer usable.” As the title suggests, the study aimed to determine whether bags act as fomites—carriers of infectious organisms.

Go ahead and guess the results.

“Purses from both men and women are potential vectors for transmission of diseases across the community,” the study writes. “The use of synthetic purses should be discouraged, as they contribute to increased bacterial colonization.”

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The study noted that 95.2 percent of purses were “contaminated.” (Shudder.) By the way, the study also notes that men’s purses seem to have higher rates of bacterial growth than women’s purses, so make of that what you will.

7. Sneezing Into Your Hands.

This is an especially common and disgusting habit, and the implications are pretty obvious.

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You probably know that your body sneezes to get rid of germs. A typical sneeze travels at 100 miles per hour—fast enough to spread germs through a small space in a fraction of a second. Your sneezes contain relatively high viral and bacterial loads, so they’re potentially dangerous if you’ve been sick. If you’re going to sneeze, you’ve got to cover your mouth with something, or you’ll risk infecting the people around you.

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But whatever you do, don’t use your hands. Public health officials recommend against this practice—you’re supposed to sneeze into your arm—but many adults don’t seem to know that.

Former Health and Human Services Secretary Kathleen Sebelius even called out a reporter for sneezing the wrong way in 2009, offering the reporter an Elmo video that taught the proper method. Ouch.

8. Using Hand Sanitizer

Okay, we’ve basically concluded that everything in your life is covered with a fine layer of germs. Better stock up on the hand sanitizer, right?

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Nope. Germs are everywhere, which is exactly why you shouldn’t freak out about them. Although there’s some chance that you’ll get E. coli from your keyboard or a staph infection from your beard hair, either scenario is unlikely.

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And hand sanitizer certainly isn’t the answer. One recent study from the University of Missouri showed that hand sanitizers may increase absorption of bisphenol A (BPA), a harmful chemical. Several studies have also shown that hand sanitizers can be too effective, killing off the majority of bacteria but leaving super-strong germs free to propagate.

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Ultimately, you should avoid the behaviors on this list to be polite to the people around you, but you shouldn’t really worry about the latest viral story (pun intended) about how “everyday objects are as dirty as toilets.” Germs are everywhere—get used to them.

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8 Smart Things To Do In The Shower—Besides Washing Yourself

The average person spends 8.2 minutes in the shower.

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That’s plenty of time to get clean, but it’s also plenty of time to get a head start on your day. By using your shower time optimally, you can improve your brain, become healthier, and live a more efficient existence.
Don’t believe us? The next time you shower, consider adding a few of these activities to your routine.

1. Think of something creative.

The shower is a pretty relaxing place, and when your brain relaxes, you enjoy a nice dopamine rush. That’s extraordinarily helpful if you’re looking for creative inspiration, according to neuroscientist Alice Flaherty.
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People vary in terms of their level of creative drive according to the activity of the dopamine pathways of the limbic system,” she said, and if you don’t understand that, don’t worry. Basically, warm showers can induce a dopamine rush, which temporarily improves creativity and allows your mind to work its magic.

2. Study something.

Obviously you’ll need to have some sort of audio playing in order to learn anything in the shower, but you might actually learn more effectively. One study showed that white noise slightly improved memory by enhancing connectivity between parts of the brain that modulate dopamine and attention.

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Your shower faucet doesn’t create pure white noise, but it’s similar enough that there could be a benefit.
If that’s not good enough for you, another study showed that human brain cells are often more receptive in the earlier hours of the day. You’re also less likely to be overstressed or distracted, since you just woke up.
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By playing an educational podcast or running through some audio cue cards, you can pick up and retain quite a bit of knowledge. On behalf of your librarian, however, we’ll ask that you refrain from bringing any books in the shower with you.

3. Plan out the rest of your day.

For the same reasons that you can study effectively during your morning shower, you can plan pretty effectively. You might as well make a few goals while your critical thinking skills are in full swing, and the noise from the shower should help to block out other distractions in your house. Try making a list of the day’s most important tasks (or the next day’s tasks, if you shower at night).

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You probably won’t have any writing tools handy while you’re in the shower, although they do exist (do a search for “shower markers” for plenty of options). But that’s a good excuse to work on your memorization skills. The American Psychological Association notes that people can boost their working memory by practicing, so even if you’re not able to retain any of your carefully made plans, you’ll at least be improving your brain functionality.

4. Meditate.

Maybe you’re not into thinking things through in the shower; maybe you’d rather let your mind rest for a few minutes. That’s perfectly fine.

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By using your shower time to meditate, you might be able to change the way your brain functions for the rest of the day. Meditation is an effective treatment for depression and anxiety, according to one study review, so it’s an ideal practice to incorporate in your daily routine. It can also stop your mind from wandering during the day and may even change the structure of your brain.
So how long will it take you to realize the benefits of meditation? Not long, according to one study. Participants enjoyed improved focus, improved memory, and lower stress levels after only a few weeks of practice.
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If you decide to start meditating in the shower, we’d recommend setting a timer; otherwise, you might end up being the first enlightened guru with soggy fingertips.

5. Sing.

Singing can fight depression and stress, probably by improving dopamine levels, and the effect might be accented by singing in the shower, since you’re already benefiting from a dopamine release if you’re feeling relaxed. Some research even suggests that singing can extend your life by strengthening your lungs and heart, although that research was completed by a vocal coach, so we’d take it with a grain of salt.

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But according to another study, singing “can produce satisfying and therapeutic sensations, even when the sound produced by the vocal instrument is of mediocre quality.”
If you’re one of those “mediocre quality” singers, we’ve got more good news for you: Science has basically proven that you sound your best in the shower thanks to the acoustic setup of most showers and baths. The linoleum acts as a resonant cavity, amplifying certain features of your voice and making you sound much, much more talented than you really are.

6. Clean.

Sure, it’s not as glamorous as some of the other items on this list, but eventually you have to clean the shower. Why not take care of it while you’re already cleaning yourself? Obviously you don’t need to clean the shower every time you climb in, but this is a good habit to get in if you have trouble finding the time to tidy up your bathroom.
We’d recommend keeping a clean brush in the shower specifically for this purpose. The brush can break up most soap scum and other grime without an added cleaning liquid, but if you feel like using a liquid, vinegar is a great option.

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Just be sure to spray the shower down with a vinegar–water mixture a few minutes before you climb in. Vinegar is a weak acid, so it needs time to work for maximum efficacy. Plus, if you try spraying the vinegar when you’re already in the shower, you might end up smelling like a salad.

7. Turn down the temperature.

If you can stand freezing water, you can reap some surprising health benefits. One group of researchers found that cold showers dramatically improve the metabolic rate of certain types of fat (probably because your body thinks you’re trapped somewhere in the Arctic Circle).

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There’s also moderate evidence that cold showers can decrease levels of uric acid, which is associated with gout. This might indicate that you can improve your immune system by drenching yourself in cold water. You might even reduce recovery times after a workout, and you’ll certainly be improving your willpower. If you’re willing to throw that knob over to the “cold” side, you’ll be able to do just about anything.
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Although we’d love to recommend cold showers wholesale, we should make an important disclaimer here: If you have any medical condition whatsoever, talk to your doctor first. The shock of an icy shower can throw your system for a loop, and only a trained physician can tell you whether it’s a good idea.

8. Get out as soon as possible.

Let’s say that nothing else on this list caught your interest. That’s fine; shorter showers could save the planet.

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According to the University of Richmond, the average American uses an incredible 100 gallons of water per day. Much of that is wasted in the shower.
Reducing your shower time by 2 minutes can save 6 gallons of water a day, which will add up to over 2,000 gallons a year, the University’s website notes. If you spend an abnormally long time in the shower, cutting down to the absolute minimum could save even more clean water.
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So what’s the best way to help the environment while staying clean? Consider a Navy shower. Promoted by the United States Navy (duh), it’s quite simple: You turn on the water, wet yourself, then turn the water off. You then use soap to lather up before turning the water on once more to rinse off. While that saps your shower time, it can reduce water usage by 95 percent.

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10 Items That Should Never, Ever Be Shared

You know that couple (or those besties)…the ones who share everything. And we mean everything. Not normal things like clothing, blankets, or coffee cups. But things you think shouldn’t be shared. Disgusting, potentially germ-growing, virus-breeding, fungus-festering things.

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Some people believe that routinely exposing yourself to bacteria and germs makes your immune system stronger. Others are so grossed out by germs that it causes them to be obsessively, maniacally clean.
Most of us fall in the middle somewhere. We basically like things clean and keep stuff to ourselves, but sometimes we venture into “we know we shouldn’t borrow this, but how bad can it be?” zones. Did you ever find yourself wondering just how many germs you share with your boyfriend when you slurp out of his soda can? Or how gross it really is when you swipe your pits with your sister’s deodorant—even just once? Unfortunately, it’s worse than we thought. Grab your garbage can and bravely read below.

1. Earbuds

Your friend wants you to listen to her new song, so she pulls out her earbuds and jams them in your ears so you can listen. You would think that sharing them would be benign, but it’s not. The ears normally contain bacteria like pseudomonas, staphylococcus, and strep, which you’re used to and typically don’t cause any health problems.

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It’s when you start swapping bacteria with other people that you get in trouble. Add in the moist environment of sweating and working out, and you have the perfect breeding ground for an overload of bacteria that can cause infections, pimples, boils, ear fungus, or swimmer’s ear.
Over-the-ear listening devices prove to be even more troublesome because they transmit not only germs and wax, but they can also transmit lice. The best thing to do is to tell your bestie to buy her own earbuds. If you must share, wipe the earbuds down with alcohol.

2. Towels

You jump out of the shower, see a towel, grab it, and use it. What you don’t realize is that towel may be covered in bacteria, fungi, and mildew. Towels are the perfect breeding ground for germs because they hang in dark, wet places and never really get a chance to dry out.

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Small amounts of bacteria are always present on a used towel, but if you notice a funky smell, you can be sure there are colonies of things you don’t want on there—things that can cause acne, pink eye, cold sores, bacterial infections, or even chlamydia.
The best practice is to not share towels at all and to wash them after one use. If you have to reuse them, make sure that they hang in a well-ventilated, bright place and that they dry out completely. Having trouble figuring out whose towel is whose? Try color coding them so everyone has their own, or use a waterproof marker to label them.

3. Bar of Soap

Soap cleans your body, so it must clean itself after each use, right? Unfortunately it doesn’t. Each time someone uses a bar of soap, the “slime” on it gets covered in organisms from that person’s skin—everything from harmless germs to serious pathogens like norovirus (which causes the stomach “flu”) and staph (MRSA).

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You might think that antibacterial soap would be better and save you from the harmful stuff, but it won’t. Antibacterial properties don’t kill germs the way alcohol does.
If you’re sharing the bar with just your family members, you really have little to worry about because you share many of the same microorganisms anyway. But if you’re out and about and there’s no liquid soap in sight, the best thing to do is rinse the bar off in running water to wash away the slime. It’s always good practice to store soap out of water and allow it to dry completely between uses.

4. Razors

You forgot your razor, so you’re just going to use your friend’s. Not so fast! It may not be worth it. When you shave, your skin’s dead cells mix with bacteria, which can cause a host of issues.

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Even if you don’t cut yourself, shaving can cause tiny nicks in the skin where viruses and bacteria can enter the blood quickly. It’s probably better to have a little stubble and wait until you get home to use your own razor.

5. Water Bottles

You’re dying because you forgot your water and your friend kindly offers hers. You take a swig, praying that she doesn’t have any germs that you can catch. Bad news! She does. We all do.

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Some can be as harmless as the common cold, or as menacing as strep, mono, herpes, mumps, and meningitis. You won’t always get sick if you share a beverage with someone, but in this case, it’s better to be safe than sorry.

6. Keyboards/Cellphones

Your cubicle mate eats a ham sandwich and then jumps on your computer to look something up. Your friend comes back from a quick trip to the bathroom, then grabs your phone and heads to Instagram. You’re hoping that the germs you know they deposited aren’t that bad. The truth is that keyboards and cellphones can have more bacteria than a toilet.

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And the more people you share your things with, the worse it becomes. If you can’t insist that people wash their hands before they put them on your tech stuff, then make a regular practice of wiping down your screens with alcohol wipes.

7. Underwear/Swimwear

Hopefully you know better about this, but just in case, we’ll come out very strongly against this one: you should NEVER, EVER wear someone else’s underclothes next to your private parts.

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Damp, dark places are the perfect breeding ground for bacteria, fungi, or viruses. Even though the clothes may be washed before you wear them, studies have shown that washing them in even in the cleanest conditions doesn’t always get rid of the intruders.

8. Deodorant

We doubt anyone thinks it’s okay to share a product that’s intended to combat sweat and smell from under the armpits, but are you wondering (if, heaven forbid, you were in a pinch) just how bad it may be? Eh, it’s not great. The odor that comes from under your pits is from bacteria that breaks down the sweat on your skin.

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If you’re sharing deodorant it’s not too bad, because it normally has some antibacterial properties—unless it’s organic. Most organic deodorants just mask the smell and don’t contain powerful enough (or any) ingredients that can fight bacteria.
If you’re using a roll-on antiperspirant, it’s even worse. Antiperspirants only decrease perspiration and don’t have any germ-killing stuff that deodorants have. You could be sharing someone else’s germs, bacteria, fungi, and yeast—or at the very least, their skin cells and hair. Switch to a spray, and you’re all good!

9. Pumice Stones

The job of pumice stones is to scrape dead skin from the heels and soles of feet. When you borrow someone else’s stone, you’re not only getting all of that gross personal debris, but you can also catch any foot fungus or plantar warts that they may have.

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HPV, the virus responsible for foot warts, is highly contagious, and unfortunately the warts are really hard to get rid of.

10. Tweezers

How harmful can borrowing someone’s tweezers be? You pluck a couple of hairs and everything is fine and dandy. It’s okay if you don’t dig around, but start prodding and puncturing your skin and things can get messy.

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As with sharing a razor, you can transfer blood-borne diseases. Soak tweezers in a jar of alcohol if you think they may have come in contact with blood.

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Lifestyle

15 Things You Didn't Know Could Make You Sick

You might consider yourself a clean freak, but germs often lurk in the most unsuspecting places. Unfortunately, you could be exposing yourself to illness with almost everything you touch, and you probably didn’t realize it.

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For most of us, getting sick start with looking for someone to blame—the coworker who infected the whole office, your child who brought home a bug from daycare, your partner who refused to get a flu shot. However, besides the obvious culprits, there are a lot of other things that could be making sick, and you’ve probably never even thought of them.

Restaurant Menus

Sure, laminated restaurant menus probably get washed every now and then, but how often really? Unless they get sticky, it’s not likely that they get washed between customers, meaning that you’re picking up anything on the hands of the diner that came before you.

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On average, restaurant menus carry around 185,000 bacteria, and they can actually last longer on laminated menus than they do on paper versions—we’re potentially talking things like E. coli and salmonella, along with the more common cold and flu bugs, too.

Water Dispensers

The point of a water dispenser is to filter the bad stuff out of our water—how could it be making us sick? Think for a second about the last time you actually decided to clean or sanitize that dispenser, and you have your answer.

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The space can easily become home to mold and yeast, and even some nastier bacteria if it makes contact with a dirty glass. To clean it, just turn your ice maker off, wash the area with a mild soap and warm water, then rinse and dry it thoroughly.

Mascara

If you’ve ever shared your mascara with anyone, even a trusted friend, we have one question to ask you—do you want to get pink eye? Because that’s how you get pink eye.
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Fungi and bacteria can lurk around the eye without causing any symptoms whatsoever, but give them a tube of mascara to live in and they’ll thrive. Do yourself and your friends a favor and keep your products to yourself, and replace your tube of mascara every three months if you haven’t used up the whole thing.

New Clothes

You’d think you’d be safe buying brand-new clothes from the store, but that’s not always the case. For one thing, clothes that have never been washed can still contain traces of materials they may have picked up while being processed, including formaldehyde.

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These chemicals can cause skin irritations, or lead to an extreme allergic reaction in others. Not only that, but things like lice and scabies can remain on clothing after someone has tried them on, and you could be picking them up if you don’t kill them off with a wash.

Your Yoga Mat

Even if you bring your own mat to your favorite yoga class, you could still be putting your skin at risk if you don’t take care of it.

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Though standard yoga doesn’t often lead to heavy sweating, any little bit of sweat could be getting trapped in your mat where it can feed any lingering fungus or bacteria. Do yourself a favor and clean it regularly.

TV Remotes

We hate to break it to you, but your television remote may just be one of the most disgusting things you own. Just think for one second about how many germs you could potentially pick up on your hands, how often you touch your TV remote without washing your hands, and how often you actually wash the remote itself—we’re willing to bet it’s never.

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It’s actually been confirmed that the TV remote is the most germ-ridden part of any hotel room, especially when you consider that germs could survive for a few days on its surface.

Shower Heads

You might be wondering how something designed to help keep us clean could end up becoming so dirty, but the answer lies in how often you actually make time to clean it—like that TV remote of yours, our guess is that it’s not often.

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Unscrew your shower head and you’ll likely find a layer of slime referred to a biofilm, which can easily become a feeding ground for bacteria. In fact, your shower could be giving you a respiratory infection without you even knowing it.

Your Washing machine

Yes, washing machines help to clean our clothes, but those detergents we add into them aren’t actually designed to get rid of germs. Not only that, but most people don’t wash their everyday laundry with hot water, so there’s really nothing to get in there and clean the machine.

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If your washing machine has a setting that’s solely designed to clean itself out, give it a whirl from time or time, or just run the machine empty with hot water and bleach.

Toilets

Have you ever heard that flushing the toilet with the lid open sends tons of disgusting particles flying into the air? If you brushed it off, you shouldn’t because it’s real and it even has a name—toilet plume.

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If you’re someone who’s prone to bringing your phone into the bathroom, this is a habit you should probably rethink, as any particles that settle on your phone could end up on your face or, even worse, on your fingers that later end up in your mouth.

Produce

Most people know that washing produce before eating it is the right thing to do, but there are a lot of people who probably don’t follow this rule because it’s inconvenient. However, did you know that sometimes it’s washing your produce that could be contaminating it?

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For things that are pre-washed, it’s washing them in the sink that could be exposing them to any bacteria that could be lurking there. If you’re someone who likes to make sure your produce is extra clean, make sure you’re not exposing it to anything but water.

Kitchen Gadgets

When was the last time you cleaned off the blade on your can opener, the meat and produce drawers in your refrigerator, or the gasket of your blender? These items come into contact with food often, and they’re ones that most of us don’t even think to clean.

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It’s important to consider, though, as they could be introducing bacteria into our food with each use.

Handshakes

There are some who can’t stand a weak handshake, but did you know that a weak handshake actually transfers less germs than a strong one? In fact, a strong handshake is likely to transfer twice the amount of bacteria to the other person’s hand than a weak one is.

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Your best bets? When you can, go with a high-five or a fist bump, and just try not to give too firm of a handshake the rest of the time.

Waiting Room Magazines

It might not seem like a magazine would be home to too many germs, but consider how many people might touch them on any given day, along with the fact that they can’t be disinfected.

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If you’re looking at a magazine in a doctor’s office waiting room, you should also think about what the person who read the magazine before you might’ve been in the office for, and whether or not they could’ve left a piece of it behind.

Water Bottles

Yes, a reusable water bottle is excellent for the Earth, but it might not always be the best for your health if you don’t wash it often. Even if you don’t mean to, you could be adding bacteria from your mouth into you water with each drink you take, and it’ll only start to multiply as the water sits.

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How much bacteria, exactly? Research shows that any given water bottle may be home to “300,000 colony-forming units per square centimeter.

Escalators

Next time you head to the mall or airport, think twice before you grab onto the handrail of that escalator. Tests have shown that they commonly contain substances like blood, feces, urine, mucus, E. coli, and plain ol’ food.

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If you have to grab on for whatever reason, hunt for some hand sanitizer before you do anything else, and especially before you touch your face, phone, or especially your mouth.

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Lifestyle

14 Parenting "Hacks" That Are Totally Bogus

Parents don’t have a lot of time. They often don’t have a lot of money, and they very, very rarely get enough sleep.

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However, they get plenty of one thing: advice. And most of that advice is absolutely terrible. It’s the type of stuff that seems brilliant when it’s distilled down to a single image on social media, but when you actually look closely, you realize that it’s utterly impractical at every level.
We’re talking about stuff like this.

1. “Use a box to make them a cardboard slide.”

We’ll admit that this has the potential to be a ton of fun.
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But that’s clearly the first time they tried their “slide.” Cardboard’s not great at supporting a 45-pound kid, which is why it’s not used in very many children’s toys. After they slide down it once, the slide’s basically going to be a glorified “fall down the stairs” ride.
Here’s a better idea: Take the kids to the park, or get them an actual slide.

2. “Fill a glove with beans, pat the kid with it a few times, and then slip away into the night.”

Tired parents would like nothing more than to get their kids to sleep through the night. We get it. But we can think of a few things that could go wrong here.
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The best case scenario is that the kid grows up with an unhealthy obsession with hands. Worst case, she thinks that her mom’s hand fell off in the crib.
Plus, that’s all assuming that this works. We’re not scientists, but something tells us that a warm human hand feels different from a glove full of beans.

3. “Put temporary tattoos on your kids to keep them from getting lost.”

What are you, an airbrush artist?
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Sure, you could mark your children every day as if you’re a cattle rancher, but a much, much more practical option is to sew their address into their clothes.

4. “Get a stroller–scooter hybrid.”

Parents often end up eating junk food simply because they’re running low on time, and failing to eat eventually results in death (and crankiness).
Because of this, they need to look for creative ways to exercise. The ideal parent exercise keeps your kid right in front of you at all times, and that’s where this monstrosity comes in.

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Bored Panda

Looks fun, doesn’t it? It’s actually a really good idea on the surface: The fun of scootering nicely counteracts the stress of constant parental responsibility.
But look a little more closely at that thing, and picture the stares you’d get rolling through a supermarket. Where would you keep the diapers? Why does the baby look like they’re about to go flying off the stroller? Furthermore, if it’s actually a safe idea, why did they use a doll instead of a real baby?
Maybe that’s why the ditched the doll entirely for this shot.
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Bored Panda

Now that’s a woman who looks perfectly comfortable. Granted, her kid is somewhere out of frame—and maybe that’s why she’s so at peace.

5. “Use a vacuum to make a perfect ponytail.”

You know what really, really isn’t difficult? Making a ponytail. You don’t need power tools to do it correctly.

This hack seems to really depend on weak suction from the vacuum cleaner; grab a decent shop vac and you’re going to end up with a sore head. Also, we really, really hope that that’s a brand-new hose. Enough said.

6. “Get your infant to clean your house with this mop suit.”

If you’re actually considering this, you are the laziest parent alive…but don’t worry, we considered it, too.

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The biggest issue here is that if it works, it’ll make you feel like a horrible parent. Sure, your floor’s spotless, but you made your infant crawl around for hours (and you didn’t even pay him). If it doesn’t work, it’s not quite as bad, since you just look like a horrible parent.
Plus, where are you supposed to put the Lysol?

7. “Keep that toilet seat covered—with sweat socks.”

We don’t even know why this is classified as a “parenting hack,” but we found it in a list of them, so we’ll address it.

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Our issues with this idea can be summed up in one word: eww. If you really want some insulation between your kid’s rear and the cold, hard toilet seat, you can get a padded one for about $20.
If not…well, there’s not enough bleach on the planet to make these socks suitable for anything else again, and you’ll need to use multiple pairs to get through the winter. Your kid can take it. A cold butt makes you stronger.

8. “Use this jacket to build character.”

There are thousands of variations of this picture. This one’s our favorite, because it’s so utterly pointless.

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First of all, we’d argue that yes, this picture does make us think that short shorts are pretty cute. Secondly, he couldn’t even commit to his cheesy joke—he’s wearing tights under the cutoffs. All this picture proves is that some people write on their jackets before they go to Walmart.
If you want to talk to your boys or girls about dressing modestly, go ahead and do it. No need to shame them in the process.

9. “Use stitched-together mittens to avoid losing your kid.”

These are certainly quite cute. We’d be lying if we said we didn’t want a pair.

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But if you need to literally stitch your kid to your hand to keep him or her from rushing off into traffic, we doubt that this is the answer. It also seems like it’d be impractical if you had to do something with your hands, like, oh, say, anything at all. You’d end up wearing these once for about five seconds.
With that said, we still want a pair. So cute.

10. “Recycle old shirts.”

This is cute, but unless you’re a talented seamstress/seamster, you’re not going to get this result. It looks simple, but some serious work went into this masterpiece.

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If you want to try it, by all means, have at it, but you won’t save time or money. We’d recommend taking that perfectly good shirt to a thrift store and donating it (and grabbing some kids’ clothes while you’re down there).

11. “Use glitter to make tooth fairy money.”

Look, your kid already believes that a magical fairy is giving them cash for their teeth. A little bit of glitter isn’t going to make the illusion any more magical, and it’s going to mean getting glitter all over their sheets.
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Oh, and is that a $5 bill we’re seeing? This mom or dad is clearly throwing the curve for the rest of us. Parents need to form a union and standardize tooth fairy payouts at no more than $1 per tooth. $2 for a molar, maybe.

12. “Before handing your kid your iPad, put it in kid mode.”

Don’t hand your kids your iPad. Get them a cheap tablet that they can spill juice on without annihilating your vacation pics.
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If you do give your kids a nice tablet, by all means, put it in kid mode, but remember that 4-year-olds are basically hackers these days. Turn your back for a second, and your savings account will be converted into Farmyard Tokens (an e-currency that we just made up, but we’re sure someone’s already patenting it).

13. “Put a popsicle in a muffin cup to save the drips.”

Of course, the popsicle stick will have created a hole at the bottom of the muffin cup…which is exactly where all of the liquid will run.

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James Wojcik / Real Simple

This is a great parenting hack if you want to concentrate all of the mess into a single area, but if you thought it’d save your carpets and give you a chance to relax with a cup of coffee, think again.

14. “Use baby toys to hold cabinets closed.”

Putting baby toys on something is a really great way to make a baby want to play with it. It’s really not rocket science.

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You can buy really inexpensive, secure cabinet clasps that attach to the back of the doors, preventing your little one from getting under the sink—without making your house look like a bizarre prison run by an infant warden. We’d recommend trying those before you start repurposing baby toys as construction materials.

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Lifestyle

These Creative Gender Reveals Are Way Too Much Fun

You’re pregnant! One of the first things people usually ask you is, “Are you gonna find out what you’re having?”

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For most of us, the answer is, “Yes!!!” In fact, a Harvard study revealed that over half of us (58 percent, in fact) want to know the sex of our babies.

But knowing your baby’s gender in the womb wasn’t always possible. Way back when, you wouldn’t find out the gender of your baby after it was born. It was until the 1950s that the first ultrasound was developed and not until the late 1970s that American doctors used it regularly to determine your fetus’ sex.

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Now, we can’t only find out what we’re having; we also don’t want to keep the secret to ourselves! Modern-day couples are not just skywriting their baby’s gender (talk about overdone!), they are outdoing each other and creating the most fun ways to tell their besties if they’re having a boy or a girl. Check out the coolest baby reveals of all time!

Fireworks!

Skywriting is so passé. This couple enlisted the help of a fireworks company to announce to the world the sex of their baby with a bang.

Monica and Graham Driscoll of Nova Scotia sent their baby’s sex in an envelope to the company and in response, they were sent a dynamite plunger that contained an unknown color of fireworks. They surprised guests (and themselves) with a bright pink message in the night sky. We love Graham’s response!

Dye-ing to Know

What better way to let the world know if you’re having a boy or a girl, than to wear your baby’s gender on your sleeve…er on your head.

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Amber Sacrison

Mom-to-be Amanda Parrish had her hairdresser surprise her and her partner with the gender of their baby by having the stylist dye her hair pink or blue based on the ultrasound result. Now that’s commitment!

Take Me Out to the Ballgame

Baseball is considered a family sport and bringing family and friends together to play baseball and learn the gender of your new family addition is so befitting. That’s what Monique Tello and Steven Statter did.

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David Swayze Photography, via Huffington Post

Monique’s sister was the only person to learn the sex of their baby after her ultrasound. She surprised everyone by filling a plastic Christmas ornament with powdered chalk (pink or blue) and painted it to look like a baseball then pitched the ornament to Statter, who hit it smashingly! To his surprise a pink powder bomb was released.

Squirt Gun Party

You know what kind of family you’re being born into when your gender is announced via a fun and wild squirt gun party!

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Macon Photography

This absolutely adorable couple filled water guns with paint the color of their baby’s gender and invited their family and friends to have a crazy squirt party to celebrate the coming of their newest addition. We want in!

Oops, They’re What Color??

A fun way of finding out the gender of your baby is to send an envelope of your baby’s gender to a balloon company and have them send you a box filled with pink or blue balloons for a surprising reveal. That’s what this couple did, as they recorded it in front of their friends and family.

Unfortunately, the balloon company seemed to be as confused as the couple was about their baby’s gender, but thank goodness they got it right the second time around.

How sweet it is! Congratulations to the happy family.

Big Brother/Sister Surprise

Sometimes kids aren’t as excited about the birth of a sibling and the possibility of having to share their toys, food and parents’ attention. We love the look on Baylee Stueven’s son’s face and love even more that she chose this picture to send to her friends and family to announce the coming of her baby. That’s real life!

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Cutie Cupcakes

Everyone loves cupcakes, especially kids. A fun way to reveal the gender of your baby to them is to fill cupcakes with pink or blue frosting, so that the gender is revealed when they take a bite. Unfortunately, you can’t make everyone happy.

When Heidi Guerard and her husband, Shaun, wanted to surprise their young daughters with the sex of their third child, it didn’t go exactly as they planned. We just adore this little girl’s reaction to her cupcake reveal.

Confetti Crazy

Revealing the gender of your baby is an exciting time and nothing matches that excitement like a blast of color coded confetti! This picture makes us excited for them too!

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Marney Smolenaars, via Healthy Mummy

All in a Row

Sometimes a picture can say a thousand words and we think this one is just creatively perfect. Nothing like saying it with shoes.

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Heather Barron, via Healthy Mummy

Layer by Layer

Lots of people use cakes to reveal the gender of their babies, but this cake takes it a step further! This couple, who was expecting twins, left the task of the reveal up to their baker when they handed him a sealed envelope and instructed him to surprise them with a color-coded cake.

We love their surprise when they were presented with a polka dotted, two-tiered cake that had one pink and one blue layer—one each for the boy/girl twins they were having!

A Little Halloween Fun

What a fun idea to make a holiday even more exciting! This family had the best jack-o-lantern on the block and had trick-or-treaters running to their house.

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House of Paint, via Parents

They skillfully carved the message, “It’s a boy!” on the face and presented it on Halloween night for all of the neighborhood to see. Wonder what next year’s pumpkin will look like?!

Lottery Scratcher

Finding out the gender of your baby is as exciting as (if not more than) winning the lottery.

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Enchanting By Design

We think that this idea of announcing the gender of their baby via a homemade lottery scratcher is completely ingenious. 

Silly String War

Who doesn’t love silly string? (Well, probably, the people who have to clean it up.) Silly string makes everything more festive and we think that having your baby’s gender announced to you via pink or blue foam festivities is just perfect.

Check out this couple as they are surprised by their friends. (P.S. we want to cry with Mom and Dad too!)

Creative Sibling

We love fun and witty photo shoots with babies and this picture elicits hundreds of smiles along with the gender reveal of her little brother.

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Nykita Sullivan, via Healthy Mummy

This announcement was sent out to all of the couple’s family and friends and we couldn’t be more delighted. Do we see a model in the making?

Piñata Party

Piñatas are considered big party items and what better way to find out the sex of your baby by being showered with pink or blue candy and confetti?

Comedian and YouTube blogger GloZell was surprised by her mother and her friend with a piñata to hit to reveal her baby’s gender. She not only revealed that she was having a girl, but we also got to see how strong she is!

Belly Painting

Why not use your belly as a canvas to tell your partner (and everyone else) if your baby is a boy or girl? Mom-to-be Tatiana Harris harnessed her inner Bob Ross and took a paintbrush to her midsection to create a message to reveal to her friends and family.

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Tatiana Harris, via Healthy Mummy

She wore a baggy shirt to a party and then had the baby’s father lift her shirt to surprise all that she was having a boy! As a bonus, all of the dad’s friends showered him with blue paint as well.

Categories
Wellbeing

Hospitals Aren't Telling Patients These Important Secrets

A hospital isn’t somewhere you typically want to go, but if you’re going to be there, it’s best to be in the know. In the know about what, though? The fallibility of hospitals and everyone within them.
You may have already had this realization, particularly if you’re around the age when the peers you went to high school with have started to become doctors and nurses—but medical professionals are human beings, not gods, and they do make mistakes. Sometimes big ones. Hospitals, of course, won’t go out of their way to advertise this fact to you, a patient. Read on for eight secrets hospitals aren’t telling you, but that you should nevertheless be aware of.

You still need to sanitize everything.

We tend to place a lot of faith in the benevolence, authority, and effectiveness of institutions, but the frightening reality is that they’re just as prone to mistakes as individual people. Like the entirety of the human population, hospitals vary in their propensity for making mistakes. Some have consistently great surgeons. Some have high incidences of surgeries gone awry. Undoubtedly, though, all of them have germs, and you shouldn’t assume that the routine cleaning performed in hospitals is all you need to protect yourself.

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As Karen Curtiss, author of Safe & Sound in the Hospital: Must-Have Checklists and Tools for Your Loved One’s Care, tells Reader’s Digest:

Superbugs live everywhere, and they can travel. Even if your doctor washed his hands, that sparkling white coat brushing against your bed can easily transfer a dangerous germ from someone else’s room. Ask for bleach and alcohol wipes to clean bed rails, remotes, doorknobs, phones, call buttons, and toilet flush levers. Wash your hands before you eat.

Your doctors may be practicing on you.

Would it be cool with you if, say, you had to have a spinal tap and you learned that a fresh-faced doctor would be performing the procedure on you for the first time, and in fact they had just come from watching—wait for it—a YouTube video about how to do it?

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Yeah, we wouldn’t be cool with that either. But apparently, there isn’t much choice, according to an anonymous ER doctor who tells Cracked that this exact series of events happens with frequency. She says:
“It might be a nurse doing an IV, a physical therapist getting you out of bed, or it might be your doctor. In the good old days, medical students got more of this hands-on training before they graduated, but due to changes in medical education, brand-new doctors often have to learn on the job.
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“As a senior resident, I’ve walked interns through everything from a pelvic exam to a lumbar puncture to a central line placement (that last one might not sound too bad, until you realize a ‘central line’ is a large IV usually inserted directly into your jugular).”

Know your meds.

Some hospitals have nurses who consistently give the appropriate dosages. Others have nurses who are more prone to making mistakes. Certainly, there are both kinds of nurse in every hospital, but the right organizational habits can help guard against the more serious flubs.

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Whatever the case is in the hospital you’re visiting, it’s always smart to educate yourself as much as possible about the medicines you’re supposed to take and the proper way for taking them. How much? When? Why? And another important one that many forget to ask: What should I take it with?
As Evan Levine, MD, a cardiologist and the author of What Your Doctor Can’t (or Won’t) Tell You, says in Reader’s Digest:
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“Don’t assume the food is what you should be eating. There’s no communication between dietary and pharmacy, and that can be a problem when you’re on certain meds. I’ve had patients on drugs for hypertension or heart failure (which raises potassium levels), and the hospital is delivering (potassium-rich) bananas and orange juice. Then their potassium goes sky high, and I have to stop the meds. Ask your doctor whether there are foods you should avoid.”

Hospitals see their fair share of violence.

We don’t just mean people coming in after being attacked, either. As hospital security consultant John M. White tells Reader’s Digest:

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“There is more violence than ever before. Nurses have been attacked, bitten, spit on, and choked. It’s partly because hospitals are no longer prescribing pain meds to addicts, and addicts can get very aggressive. It’s also because our mental health system is broken, so some of those people are coming into the hospital and acting out.”
But sometimes the physical aggression happens among the medical professionals themselves. RN Ricky Lake (not to be confused with Ricki Lake) at Parallon Nurses Network tells author Missy Wilkinson that the high tension between staff members can get violent:
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“My charge nurse warned me about one of the surgeons who actually physically assaulted a nurse once. Grabbed her by her scrub top, in front of the patient and family, and dragged her out of the room because he was upset about some replacement potassium being administered through a peripheral line instead of a central line (which is still OK as long as the concentration and rate are adjusted appropriately). They aren’t all like that, of course. But I do not socialize much with [people] that I work with.”

Hospital rooms aren’t like hotel rooms for a reason, but that may be changing.

If being in your barren hospital room reminds you of your freshman year in your college dorm room that you never bothered to decorate (because what was the point of anything?), that’s not just because hospitals want to remind you of the most depressing semester of your life.

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A New Orleans nurse tells Wilkinson, “The bare-bones decor of rooms is so it’s easier to clean and thereby sterilize. It’s cold for a reason—to kill bacteria. It can’t survive in cold temperatures.” (Really though, about the bacteria? Seems more like it’d just be harder for it to grow.)
However, all of this may be subject to change. Healthcare IT consultant Bill Balderaz tells Reader’s Digest:
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Courtesy of Florida Hospital Celebration Health

“Hospitals worry about losing revenue to retail clinics, urgent-care centers, and private surgery centers. To attract patients, they try to appear like hotels. They have waterfalls, pianos, and big windows. Instead of hiring people with backgrounds in health care, they’re bringing in people with experience in retail and five-star hotels.”
We’ll take the folks with backgrounds in healthcare. Thanks!

Give your nurses a break—it could save your life.

This may not come as a surprise to anyone who personally knows a nurse, but: nurses are overworked. “Hospitals are understaffed,” the New Orleans nurse tells Wilkinson. “I have yet to see a hospital that wasn’t.”

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Deborah Burger, RN and co-president of National Nurses United, tells Reader’s Digest:
“Hospitals often force nurses to handle more patients than they should—even though studies show if your nurse is responsible for fewer patients, they have better outcomes. California is the only state with hospital-wide minimum nurse-patient staffing ratios. Researcher Linda Aiken at the University of Pennsylvania found that each extra patient a nurse has above an established nurse-patient ratio made it 7 percent more likely that one of those patients would die.”
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For this reason, you should be extra-vigilant about your care, and speak up to ask questions or make clarifications. Unless, that is, your nurse is right in the middle of certain important tasks.
Don’t interrupt the nurse when he’s preparing your medications, Sally Rafie, a hospital pharmacist with the UC San Diego Health System, advises in Reader’s Digest. “One study found that the more times you distract him, the greater the likelihood of error.”

Schedule your surgery for early in the week…and at a teaching hospital.

According to Roy Benaroch, MD, a pediatrician and the author of A Guide to Getting the Best Healthcare for Your Child, you can count on better surgical procedures at certain times of the week. He tells Reader’s Digest:

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“On weekends and holidays, hospitals typically have lighter staffing and less experienced doctors and nurses. Some lab tests and other diagnostic services may be unavailable. If you’re having a major elective surgery, try to schedule it for early in the week so you won’t be in the hospital over the weekend.”
Oh also, you may want to opt for that surgery at a teaching hospital. Dr. Levine says, “For complex surgical procedures, you’re generally better off at teaching hospitals, which usually stay at the forefront of health research. Medical students and residents ask questions, providing more eyes and ears to pay attention and prevent errors. Teaching hospitals have lower complication rates and better outcomes.”
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It sounds counterintuitive, but when you consider that an atmosphere of more transparency and less fear around asking questions is usually a better one for virtually everything, it makes sense.

Yeah, the healthcare system is broken.

You know how literally everyone is like, “Our healthcare system is broken”? That’s because it is. There’s a lot of inefficiency going on, for example, in emergency rooms.

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One ER nurse in New Orleans tells Wilkinson, “It shocks me sometimes the things people go to ER for. Basic medication refills, people bringing in elders with dementia who have no change in condition, back and tooth pain, chronic but stable conditions, ‘I felt bad and had a sore throat, but I feel better now’—things urgent care can handle without the outrageous bill.”
And then there are the addicts that doctors have to deal with, as the anonymous ER doctor tells Cracked: “They’ll claim, ‘I’m allergic to everything but one [… ]it starts with a D?’ That’s the […] painkiller Dilaudid, and they damn well know the real name. But every […]seeker seems to follow the same script: they’ll come in claiming some legitimate, recurring problem, and then act as if the name of the only pain [medicine] that works for them (which just happens to be a[n opiate], every time) is some half-remembered riddle.”
Of course, some of this would be mitigated if there were healthcare for all, including mental health and substance abuse rehabilitation programs.
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Lake says: “The reason people go to the ER with vague, non-urgent symptoms is usually because they are uninsured and do not have a primary healthcare provider. I’m currently in the ER and, yes, that can be exasperating. But you have to look at the systemic reasons that it’s happening. One reason: lack of access to care. And we just lost the fight in Louisiana that would have allowed more nurse practitioners to be able to practice without the overly burdening collaborative practice agreements in place with physicians. There is a shortage of primary care providers across the country.”

Categories
Motherhood

The 23 Weirdest Parenting Trends Seen In the Past 100 Years

Whether you’re a newbie or a seasoned pro, it seems like everyone has their own opinion on how parents should raise their kids. If you think you’ve heard some weird suggestions before, wait until you hear what parents did in the past.

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Trends come, go, and stay for everything under the sun, and parenting strategies are no different. When you hear about some of these strange trends throughout history, you’ll be glad they were just fads.

No Cuddling

Most parents take any opportunity they can to snuggle with their baby, but it actually used to be frowned upon. In fact, in the 1910s, it was believed that you should touch your baby as little as possible because it was thought to make a child spoiled. This trend even continued into the ‘20s, encouraging parents to resist hugging or kissing their children.

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Avoiding “Soft” Names

It’s no secret that certain names have been more popular than others throughout the years, but experts used to encourage parents to avoid names that were too “soft.” It was thought that certain names “lacked backbone,” no matter the personality of the child.

Infant Potty Training

What, you mean to tell us that you don’t have time to go hold your infant over the toilet 20 times each day? Apparently it’s what was expected back in the ’30s, as parents were often advised to start potty training right after their babies were born. Surprisingly—or is it?— this was actually recommended by the American government.

Window Cages

Parents don’t even leave their babies on a table alone for one second, let alone anywhere near a window. Not in the ‘30s, though—parenting experts were so obsessed with babies getting fresh air daily that they actually invented a baby cage that essentially had children hanging on the outside of buildings.

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Even more surprising than the invention is that it seems no children ever got injured (or worse) while in one.

Yell all you want.

Today, there’s a product available to help parents baby-proof pretty much anything. Back in the ‘50s, however, it was believed that trying to making the house safer was the sign of a lazy parent.

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Instead, parents were encouraged to yell at their kids until they complied.

Cry-ercising

Sobbing baby? Don’t try to figure out what’s wrong—just walk away.

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In the ‘50s, it was believed that a good cry was essentially exercise for a baby, and parents should just leave them be to work it out themselves.

No Travel

There are certain pregnant women who spend the last few weeks or months of their pregnancies on bed rest, though most of them spend their time walking around right up to the point their water breaks. In 1935, however, it was recommended that all pregnant women avoid any type of travel whatsoever, even in a car.

The Tot Cot

Traveling is stressful enough as it is, and parents know it gets 10 times worse when there’s a baby along for the ride.

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British Airways Speedbird Heritage Centre

In 1958, someone came up with a gadget to make it a little easier by simply placing your baby among your luggage. Yeah—the Sky Cot was essentially a hanging crib that kept your baby out of your lap but close enough for “needed maternal attentions.”

Universal Weight Gain

Now, we all know that each woman’s body changes in its own way during pregnancy, but it wasn’t always that way.

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In the ’80s, doctors advised all women to gain between 25 to 30 pounds while pregnant, no matter their body type or weight before pregnancy.

Think happy thoughts.

Some people like to think that everyone is just one happy thought away from busting out of a funky mood, and this was apparently true in the 1910s as well. In fact, pregnant women were told that they shouldn’t think of ugly things if they could help it, as these thoughts could cause them to have an ugly baby.

Like, a Lot of Happy Thoughts

If you managed to give birth to a good-looking kid, don’t let the good thoughts stop there.

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N.P.G. Oranotype by Heinrich Traut

In 1916, it was actually suggested that mothers who breastfeed could give their babies colic if they fed them while angry.

Fat Bath

We all know that babies have extra sensitive skin, and every parent probably has about 20 bath products for them to prove it.

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In the early 1900s, however, it was thought that the best ingredient for baby’s bath could be found in the kitchen: lard.

Righties Only

Most people know at least person who writes with their left hand, and there are plenty of products out there made especially for the lefties of the world. Until the early ‘20s, however, it was frowned upon for children to be left-handed, so much so that teachers used special braces to train them to stop.

Stick to the schedule.

Babies tend to run on their own schedules, and each baby tends to sleep, eat, poop, and play at a slightly different times. Back in the ‘20s, though?

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Burrell Collection / Glasgow City Council, Glasgow Museums

Experts recommended that each and every baby follow the exact same schedule when it came to feeding—even if it meant waking your baby up in the wee hours of the morning.

They ate what?!

Nutrition is still a topic that often finds itself up for debate, and the ’40s were no different.

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Some of the advice pregnant were given wasn’t all that bad, but there were many suggestions that were questionable at best, like the suggestion that babies should be given liver soup at only a few months old.

It gets worse…

Among the many terrible suggestions for what babies should eat, one of the worst has to be tripe. Don’t know what that is? It’s the stomach lining from sheep or cows. Although we’re not sure what that would taste like, we can assure you it does look just as gross as it sounds.

Thumb Sucking No More

At what cost, though? Throughout time, parents have tried everything to get kids to stop sucking their thumbs, from lemon juice to physical guards.

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One of the worst ideas, however, was invented in 1942 and contained a gag-inducing combination of nail polish, acetone, and capsicum.

Postpartum Activities

Postpartum depression is no joke and it’s something that more and more women have begun to speak up about.
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In 1958, women weren’t necessarily advised not to talk about it, but experts recommended that they didn’t go to their psychiatrist or doctor. One magazine recommended that, instead of professional help, they strip furniture around their homes.

Starbucks run, anyone?

It’s pretty common knowledge nowadays that children shouldn’t be given caffeine, but that wasn’t always the case. In 1962, one doctor named Walter Sackett actually recommended that parents give their children black coffee starting when they were 6 months old. Oh, he also encouraged parents to feed their 6-week-old babies eggs and bacon.

Thumbs Up for Thumb Sucking

Remember when we said parents were encouraged to let their children eat nail polish to get them to stop their thumbs?

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Well, during the ‘60s, all that advice went straight out the window and parents were encouraged to let their kids suck their thumbs for as long as they wanted.

Snuggling does what?

The advice that parents shouldn’t touch their kids too often actually lasted a surprisingly long time, and actually got more ridiculous as time went on.

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Nori (Nóra Mészöly) / Flickr

In the early ‘60s, experts claimed it was because showing love to a baby would make them turn out to be a socialist.

The Dreaded Soccer Mom

If you don’t know one, we can bet you’ve at least see one. We’re talking about soccer moms, the parents who encourage their kids to sign up for every activity under the sun so that they can show up to each and every one and take them all WAY too seriously. What we often refer to as “helicopter parenting” took flight in the ’90s, and we hope it’s on its way out soon.

Skipping Bathtime

We’ve gone from bathing in pure fat to barely bathing at all.

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Sometime in the 1970s, parents were encouraged to bathe their children only twice each week—we can only imagine what kind of gunk got stuck in those baby rolls and double chins.